Smart numerical method for calculation of simple general infrared parameter identifying binary rubber blends

Datta, Sanjoy; Antoš, Jan; Stoček, Radek

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.11.029

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Characteristic absorbance peak height of the oil at (723 cm −1 ) [ 22 ] was determined at a distance, as = 3 mm from the edge of the sample (the edge taken as 0 from the positive direction of x axis as is shown in Figure 2 ), on the two newly generated surfaces. For quantifying the peak heights, the spectrum for each sample was modified with an algorithm of baseline subtraction [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Configuration of Novel Experimental Fractographic Reverse Engineering Approach Based on Relationship between Spectroscopy of Ruptured Surface and Fracture Behaviour of Rubber Sample

et al. 2020

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A novel fractographic approach based on a combination of (i) mechanical behavior of cured rubber in uniaxial tensile loading and (ii) spectroscopy of fracture on a ruptured surface was experimentally validated. This approach related the migration of paraffin oil from a matrix to the ruptured rubber surface, to the tearing energy related to the deformation speed responsible for total rubber sample rupture, and the approach itself was configured experimentally. It was evaluated on cured natural rubber (NR) for two different paraffin oil concentrations. Single edge notched tensile (SENT) samples were subjected to uniaxial tensile loadings at two different deformation speeds. First, the tearing energy as a function of deformation speed was determined for each defined oil concentration. Secondly, at specific locations on the ruptured surfaces, infrared (IR) spectroscopy was performed to quantify a characteristic absorbance peak height of migrated paraffin oil during the rupture process. The results of the IR analyses were related to the deformation speed to understand the relation between the amount of migrated paraffin oil during the fracture process and the deformation speed which brought about such a fracture. This novel approach enhanced the reverse engineering process of rubber fracture related to the cause of tearing energies during critical failure.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Configuration of Novel Experimental Fractographic Reverse Engineering Approach Based on Relationship between Spectroscopy of Ruptured Surface and Fracture Behaviour of Rubber Sample

et al. 2020

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“…Here, the results from all the programmes are shown as the work was focused more on the IR technique to find the initial and also on the redistributed concentration of the oil. Figure 4 , divided into four parts (a), (b), (c), and (d), according to the four initial oil concentrations of 0.0, 4.5, 9.0, and 13.5 phr, respectively, presents the baseline subtracted IR spectra for SBR at 699 cm −1 and for the redistributed paraffin oil at 2915 cm −1 after rupture [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. In each sub-part of the figure, only one spectrum is shown at random from a repetition of three (as stated in the experimental part) for each of the following rupturing programmes– at), (I)-10, (II)-100, and (III)-500 mm·mim −1 (tensile ruptured) and (IV)- 0 mm·min −1 (cryo-ruptured).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the three repetitions for each of the samples, at each deformation speed, the arithmetic means concentration from the two generated ruptured surfaces was reported as the redistributed oil concentration. To quantify the peak heights, the spectrum for each sample was modified with an algorithm of baseline subtraction [ 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametrical Function Describing Influences of the Redistribution of Incorporated Oil for Rupture Process Reconstruction in Rubber

2023

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The present work is focused on finding (i) the tearing energy at rupture and (ii) the redistribution of incorporated paraffin oil on the ruptured surfaces as functions of (a) the initial oil concentration and (b) the speed of deformation to the total rupture in a uniaxially induced deformation to rupture on an initially homogeneously oil incorporated styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix. The aim is to understand the deforming speed of the rupture by calculating the concentration of the redistributed oil after rupture using infrared (IR) spectroscopy in an advanced continuation of a previously published work. The redistribution of the oil after tensile rupture for samples that have three different initial oil concentrations with a control sample that has no initial oil has been studied at three defined deformation speeds of rupture along with a cryo-ruptured sample. Single-edge notched tensile (SENT) specimens were used in the study. Parametric fittings of data at different deformation speeds were used to relate the concentration of the initial oil against the concentration of the redistributed oil. The novelty of this work is in the use of a simple IR spectroscopic method to reconstruct a fractographic process to rupture in relation to the speed of the deformation to rupture.

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“…These spectra were of limited use in understanding the active participation of the dangling vinyl groups in photocrosslinking as they were not baseline subtracted. Thus, baseline subtraction was done by using an algorithm of baseline fitting and subsequent subtraction [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The baseline subtracted spectra of the same selected samples in the wavenumber range of 1050 and 680 cm −1 are presented in Figure 9 a,b.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spectra were obtained at a resolution of 4 cm −1 using a zinc selenide crystal. The data obtained from the spectrometer were then fed in an algorithm of baseline creation and subsequent subtraction [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ] to quantify the disappearance of the vinyl pendant groups showing peak at 909 cm −1 [ 24 ], which actively participated in the photocrosslinking process. The quantification was done against normalized peak of polybutadiene unit at 965 cm −1 [ 24 ] of the SBS block copolymer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ultraviolet Radiation on Mechanical Properties of a Photoinitiator Compounded High Vinyl Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene Block Copolymer

2021

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Ultraviolet curing of elastomers is a special curing technique that has gained importance over the conventional chemical crosslinking method, because the former process is faster, and thus, time-saving. Usually, a suitable photoinitiator is required to initiate the process. Ultraviolet radiation of required frequency and intensity excites the photoinitiator which abstracts labile hydrogen atoms from the polymer with the generation of free radicals. These radicals result in crosslinking of elastomers via radical–radical coupling. In the process, some photodegradation may also take place. In the present work, a high vinyl (~50%) styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) block copolymer which is a thermoplastic elastomer was used as the base polymer. An attempt was made to see the effect of ultraviolet radiation on the mechanical properties of the block copolymer. The process variables were time of exposure and photoinitiator concentration. Mechanical properties like tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus at different elongations and hardness of the irradiated samples were studied and compared with those of unirradiated ones. In this S-B-S block copolymer, a relatively low exposure time and low photoinitiator concentration were effective in obtaining optimized mechanical properties. Infrared spectroscopy, contact angle and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the results obtained from mechanical measurements.

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Smart numerical method for calculation of simple general infrared parameter identifying binary rubber blends

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Configuration of Novel Experimental Fractographic Reverse Engineering Approach Based on Relationship between Spectroscopy of Ruptured Surface and Fracture Behaviour of Rubber Sample

Configuration of Novel Experimental Fractographic Reverse Engineering Approach Based on Relationship between Spectroscopy of Ruptured Surface and Fracture Behaviour of Rubber Sample

Parametrical Function Describing Influences of the Redistribution of Incorporated Oil for Rupture Process Reconstruction in Rubber

Influence of Ultraviolet Radiation on Mechanical Properties of a Photoinitiator Compounded High Vinyl Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene Block Copolymer

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