Smart OLED Lighting on Electrochromic Glass

Abstract

Smart organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) prepared on poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)‐based electrochromic glass is demonstrated for the first time. In this work, electrochromic glass based on PEDOT is adopted as a substrate for OLED and used for tuning the light‐emitting direction. The color of the glass changes from pale blue to dark blue upon the application of an external voltage. The coloration or discoloration is due to reaction of the redox solution with PEDOT. Therefore, the utilization of this coloration or discoloration of the glass substrate can adjust the light‐emitting direction of OLED. When the glass is tuned to semi‐transparent, it causes the dual‐side emitting device to display a graceful spatial impression. When the glass becomes highly opaque, the device exhibits top emission with a significantly enhanced luminance efficiency, in which the current efficiencies can be increased twice compared with those when the smart glass was switched off. For the green device, the current efficiency increases from 9.5 to 19.0 cd A−1. For the white device, it increases from 7.5 to 15.5 cd A−1. The authors believe that the combination of smart glass and OLED is a new concept for future OLED lighting applications.

Enhancing Viologen's Electrochromism by Incorporating Thiophene: A Step Toward All‐Organic Flexible Device

“…Materials that can reversibly switch their optical property via applied bias are termed as electrochromic materials . They possess different redox states contributing to varying electronic structure and thus have tendency to switch their optical properties . WO 3 is the first reported material possessing electrochromic property observed by Deb in 1969 .…”

Electrochromic Conjugated Polymers for Multifunctional Smart Windows with Integrative Functionalities

“…To reduce refractive index mismatching between the two devices, Lu et al proposed a TML‐type ECOLED using a single glass layer with ITO coating on both sides ( Figure ). [ 120 ] They chose a simple and vacuum‐resistant EC system composed of two PEDOT‐coated ITO glass electrodes and an imidazolium‐based ionic polymer. After the addition of another layer of ITO on the other side of one electrode, green or white OLEDs were fabricated by thermal evaporation.…”

“…Architecture of the integrated ECOLED by a) Lu et al [ 120 ] and b) Cossari et al [ 121 ] a) Reproduced with permission. [ 120 ] Copyright 2018, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. b) Reproduced with permission. [ 121 ] Copyright 2018, the Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

A Systematic Review of the Most Recent Concepts in Smart Windows Technologies with a Focus on Electrochromics

“…The colour of the glass changes from pale blue to dark blue upon the application of an external voltage. Therefore, "the utilization of this coloration or discolouration of the glass substrate can adjust the light-emitting direction of OLED" [84]. When the EC component of the device is switched to semi-transparent mode, the device exhibits a "graceful spatial impression"; when the glass is switched to a highly opaque mode, "top emission with a significantly enhanced luminance efficiency" is visible.…”