Smart polymer grafted silica based drug delivery systems

Abstract

Smart polymers are a special class of polymers, which respond to the various external stimuli by changing their properties. Recent developments in synthetic polymer chemistry have provided the possibility of designing and synthesis of various new stimuli‐responsive polymers. These stimuli‐responsive polymers can be used to prepare smart drug delivery systems (DDS) by grafting them on various nanomaterials. The main aim of this review is to present collective information on various stimuli‐responsive polymers grafted on silica nanoparticles for the preparation of smart DDS. The stimuli covered are pH, temperature, redox, reactive oxygen species (ROS), glucose concentration, enzymes, magnetic field, and so forth. The structures of various stimuli‐responsive polymers are shown with their relevance to the preparation of smart DDS. The crucial roles of macromolecular design and synthesis of smart polymers in the development of stimuli‐responsive DDS are discussed with examples from literature and the challenges that still exist in this area of research are presented.

Controllable Synthesis of Hollow Silica Nanoparticles Using Layered Double Hydroxide Templates and Application for Thermal Insulation Coating

“…Hollow silica nanoparticles (HSN) have gained significant interest from scientists owing to their unique properties, such as low density, thermal stability, and chemically inertness. , Silica is nontoxic and easier to disperse in polymers than other fillers. This makes it become a secure option and a prospective candidate for the advancement of a variety of fields, including catalysis, − drug delivery, − biomedical application, optical materials, , and especially thermal insulation materials. − …”

“… 1 , 2 Silica is nontoxic and easier to disperse in polymers than other fillers. This makes it become a secure option and a prospective candidate for the advancement of a variety of fields, including catalysis, 3 − 5 drug delivery, 6 − 9 biomedical application, 10 optical materials, 11 , 12 and especially thermal insulation materials. 13 − 15 …”

Addressing Nanocomposite Systems via 3D-SCFT: Assessment of Smearing Approximation and Irregular Grafting Distributions

“…Polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) are quite promising for the manufacturing of membrane 1−4 and composite materials 5−7 for gas separation, 5 biological, 8,9 mechanical reinforcement, 10−12 and optical applications. 13 Theoretical frameworks and computer simulations are very useful in guiding and interpreting experimental studies and help resolve major design issues of industrial interest.…”

“…Polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) are quite promising for the manufacturing of membrane − and composite materials − for gas separation, biological, , mechanical reinforcement, − and optical applications . Theoretical frameworks and computer simulations are very useful in guiding and interpreting experimental studies and help resolve major design issues of industrial interest. ,− A variety of theoretical and simulation methodologies have been employed to address systems of PGNPs and brushes, such as the polymer reference interaction site model (PRISM), self-consistent field theory (SCFT), − density functional theory (DFT), − molecular dynamics (MD), − dissipative particle dynamics (DPD), − as well as machine-learning frameworks. , In addition to these studies, scaling laws for the height of the polymer brush have been proposed to describe the structural behavior of grafted chains in the solid/polymer interfacial region over a broad range of experimental conditions. ,− …”

Electronic devices for the combination of electrically controlled drug release, electrostimulation, and optogenetic stimulation for nerve tissue regeneration

“…There are also several redox-responsive molecular gates developed based on the same principle of action as the ones reported by Luo et al [254], Du et al [255], and Raza et al [256]. Grafting silica-based drug delivery systems in polymers, obtaining smart polymers which respond to the various external stimuli (pH, temperature, redox, reactive oxygen species (ROS), glucose concentration, enzymes, magnetic field, and so forth) is an emerging trend, as shows Shah et al systematic review [257] (Figure 22).…”