Smart reprogramming of jujube germplasm against salinity tolerance through molecular tools

Manzoor, Meryam; Naz, Safina; Muhammad, Hafiza Muniba Din; Ahmad, Riaz

doi:10.1007/s10142-023-01140-x

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…It also serves as a foundational strategy for selecting and developing salt-tolerant varieties that can thrive in saline environments, ultimately contributing to improved crop yields and agricultural sustainability. Numerous studies have consistently documented substantial genotypic variation in salt tolerance across various plant species ( Manzoor et al., 2023 ; Sagar et al., 2023 ; Shams and Khadivi, 2023 ). It well documented that salt-tolerant plants employ a diverse array of defense mechanisms in response to salinity stress to ensure their survival and promote growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding salinity stress responses in sorghum: exploring genotype variability and salt tolerance mechanisms

Rajabi Dehnavi,

Zahedi,

Piernik

2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Salinity, a significant abiotic stressor, adversely affects global plant growth. To address this, monitoring genetic diversity within a plant species germplasm for salt tolerance traits is vital. This study investigates the responses of ten sorghum genotypes to varying salt stress levels (control, 60 mM NaCl, and 120 mM NaCl), aiming to assess genetic diversity. Using a randomized complete block design with three replications and a split-plot arrangement, salt treatments were assigned to main plots, and genotypes were placed in sub-plots. Physiological attributes, including photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, CO2 concentration, leaf area index, chlorophyll concentrations, and antioxidant enzyme activity, were measured during the 50% flowering stage. Fresh forage yield was evaluated at the early dough stage, while dry forage yield and sodium/potassium concentrations were determined post-drying. Salinity induced 10–23% and 21–47% reductions in forage fresh yield at 60 mM and 120 mM NaCl, respectively, across sorghum genotypes. Forage dry yield also declined by 11–33% at 60 mM NaCl and 30–58% at 120 mM NaCl. Increased oxidative stress markers, proline, soluble carbohydrates, and antioxidant enzyme activity accompanied salinity. Genotypes exhibited diverse responses, with Payam showing significant chlorophyll and yield reductions at 60 mM NaCl and notable stress indicators at 120 mM NaCl. Pegah and GS4 demonstrated robust osmoregulation. In stress tolerance indices, Sepideh excelled at 60 mM NaCl, while GS4 outperformed at 120 mM NaCl. Pegah demonstrated high tolerance at 120 mM NaCl. Our findings highlight the importance of combating oxidative stress, managing water-related stress, and maintaining ionic homeostasis for sorghum’s salt stress resilience. Key indicators like K/Na ratio, MDA, MSI, SOD, and proline effectively differentiate between tolerant and sensitive genotypes, offering valuable insights for sorghum breeding. Salt-tolerant sorghum genotypes exhibit stable photosynthesis, improved stomatal function, and membrane integrity through efficient osmotic regulation and robust antioxidant enzyme activity. This capability enables them to sustain performance, minimizing final product loss. The results suggest cultivating salt-tolerant sorghum in saline areas for increased sustainable production, with Pegah and GS4 emerging as promising candidates for further testing in salt-affected environments to obtain reliable yield data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding salinity stress responses in sorghum: exploring genotype variability and salt tolerance mechanisms

Rajabi Dehnavi,

Zahedi,

Piernik

2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Weih et al (1998) found that improved UV-A decreased the amount of leaf area per unit plant biomass (leaf area ratio), but increased the amount of biomass produced per unit leaf area (leaf area productivity) and per unit leaf nitrogen (leaf nitrogen productivity). It was clear that these variables affected the relative growth rate and nitrogen productivity since high UV-B levels decreased the leaf area ratio, leaf area productivity, and leaf nitrogen productivity (Manzoor et al, 2023). The principal causes of UV-B-induced the loss of photosynthetic pigments, thylakoid membrane integrity, reduced rubisco enzymatic activity, and the down-regulation of photosynthesis-related gene transcript levels (Jansen et al, 1996;Hollośy, 2002).…”

Section: Sa and Uv-b Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering the mechanisms of salicylic acid-mediated abiotic stress tolerance in horticultural crops

Yang,

Fang,

Luo

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Salicylic acid (SA) has been recognized as a promising molecule for improving abiotic stress tolerance in plants due to its ability to enhance antioxidant defense system, and promote root architecture system. Recent research has focused on uncovering the mechanisms by which SA confers abiotic stress tolerance in horticultural crops. SA has been shown to act as a signaling molecule that triggers various physiological and morphological responses in plants. SA regulates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, it can also act as signaling molecule that regulate the expression of stress-responsive genes. SA can directly interact with various hormones, proteins and enzymes involved in abiotic stress tolerance. SA regulates the antioxidant enzymes activities that scavenge toxic ROS, thereby reducing oxidative damage in plants. SA can also activate protein kinases that phosphorylate and activate transcription factors involved in stress responses. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for developing effective strategies to improve crop resilience in the face of changing environmental conditions. Current information provides valuable insights for farmers and plant researchers, offering new strategies to enhance crop resilience and productivity in the face of environmental challenges. By harnessing the power of SA and its signaling pathways, farmers can develop more effective stress management techniques and optimize crop performance. Plant researchers can also explore innovative approaches to breed or engineer crops with enhanced stress tolerance, thereby contributing to sustainable agriculture and food security.

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“…A low photosynthetic rate and high levels of osmotic stress leads to an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing cytotoxic effects and promoting specific defense pathways. The major strategies that plants use to overcome these stresses include the control of water loss through stomata closure, metabolic adjustment, toxic ion homeostasis, and osmotic adjustment [7] through the activation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA), carotenoids, flavonoids, and the osmolyte proline, all to reduce oxidative stress and prevent further damage [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most fruit tree species are sensitive to salinity, with only a few being considered to be moderately tolerant [4,12]. Even so, conventional methods for the selection and propagation of salinity-tolerant genotypes are both costly and time-consuming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Encapsulation Technology: In Vitro Screening of Two Ficus carica L. Genotypes under Different NaCl Concentrations

Granata,

Regni,

Micheli

et al. 2023

Horticulturae

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Salinity stress represents an increasing issue for agriculture and has a great negative impact on plant growth and crop production. The selection of genotypes able to tolerate salt stress could be a suitable solution to overcome the problem. In this context, in vitro cultures can represent a tool for identifying the NaCl tolerant genotypes and quickly producing large populations of them. The possibility of exerting selection for tolerance to NaCl by using encapsulation technology was investigated in two genotypes of fig: ‘Houmairi’ and ‘Palazzo’. The effects of five concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM) added to the artificial endosperm were tested on the conversion of synthetic seeds and on the growth of derived shoots/plantlets. Moreover, proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA), the enzymatic activities of catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and EL (Electrolytic Leakage), as well as the chlorophyll content, flavanols, anthocyanins, and Nitrogen Balance Index (NBI) were determined on shoots/plantlet. The obtained results clearly showed that ‘Houmairi’ and ‘Palazzo’ could tolerate salt stress, although a strong difference was found depending on each specific physiological pathway. Indeed, ‘Houmairi’ was revealed to be more tolerant than ‘Palazzo’, with different response mechanisms to salt stress. The use of encapsulated vitro-derived explants proved to be a useful method to validate the selection of genotypes tolerant to salinity stress. Further investigation in the field must validate and confirm the legitimacy of the approach.

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Smart reprogramming of jujube germplasm against salinity tolerance through molecular tools

Cited by 8 publications

References 72 publications

Understanding salinity stress responses in sorghum: exploring genotype variability and salt tolerance mechanisms

Understanding salinity stress responses in sorghum: exploring genotype variability and salt tolerance mechanisms

Uncovering the mechanisms of salicylic acid-mediated abiotic stress tolerance in horticultural crops

Application of Encapsulation Technology: In Vitro Screening of Two Ficus carica L. Genotypes under Different NaCl Concentrations

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