Smart Wireless Environments Enabled by RISs: Deployment Scenarios and Two Key Challenges

Alexandropoulos, George C.; Crozzoli, Maurizio; Phan-Huy, Dinh-Thuy; Katsanos, Konstantinos; Wymeersch, Henk; Popovski, Petar; Ratajczak, Philippe; Benedic, Yohann; Hamon, Marie-Hélène; Gonzalez, Sebastien Herraiz; D’Errico, Raffaele; Strinati, Emilio Calvanese

doi:10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit54941.2022.9815617

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The HMIMOS installed on vehicle surfaces can be alternatively be utilized for vehicle sensing, positioning, and/or even tracking. On the other hand, in indoor communications of smart cities, HMIMOS can coat windows and/or walls and transceive outdoor BS signals to indoor UEs and/or reflect existing signals, to meet communication requirements of indoor UEs [38]. We can imagine in the grand space-air-ground-sea integrated communication network shown in Fig.…”

Section: Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Gong¹,

Vinieratou²,

Ji³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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<p>Future wireless systems are envisioned to create an endogenously holography-capable, intelligent, and programmable radio propagation environment, that will offer unprecedented capabilities for high spectral and energy efficiency, low latency, and massive connectivity. A potential and promising technology for supporting the expected extreme requirements of the sixth-generation (6G) communication systems is the concept of the holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) surface (HMIMOS), which will actualize holographic radios with reasonable power consumption and fabrication cost. An HMIMOS is an ultra-thin and nearly continuous aperture that incorporates reconfigurable and sub-wavelength-spaced antennas and/or metamaterials. Such surfaces comprising dense electromagnetic (EM) excited elements are capable of recording and manipulating impinging fields with utmost flexibility and precision, as well as with reduced cost and power consumption, thereby shaping arbitrary-intended EM waves with high energy efficiency. The powerful EM processing capability of HMIMOS opens up the possibility of wireless communications of holographic imaging level, paving the way for signal processing techniques realized in the EM domain, possibly in conjunction with their digital-domain counterparts. However, in spite of the significant potential, the studies on HMIMOS-based wireless systems are still at an initial stage, its fundamental limits remain to be unveiled, and critical technical challenges with holographic MIMO communications need to be addressed. In this survey, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the holographic MIMO communications paradigm, with a special focus on their physical aspects, their theoretical foundations, as well as the enabling technologies for HMIMOS systems. We also compare HMIMOS systems with conventional multi-antenna technologies, especially massive MIMO systems, present various promising synergies of HMIMOS with current and future candidate technologies, and provide an extensive list of research challenges and open directions for future HMIMOS-empowered wireless applications.</p>

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Section: Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Gong¹,

Vinieratou²,

Ji³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…By post‐processing the pilot signals received over the uplink, the outdoor BS is capable of localising the two MSs simultaneously, termed as simultaneous indoor and outdoor localisation. Note that the coverage of the proposed system depends on the BS capabilities and the area of influence of the STAR‐RIS [20]. Alternatively, an indoor BS can also localise one indoor MS and one outdoor MS with the assistance of one STAR‐RIS, as depicted in the shaded region in Figure 1.…”

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

STAR‐RIS‐enabled simultaneous indoor and outdoor 3D localisation: Theoretical analysis and algorithmic design

Fakhreddine

Alexandropoulos

2023

IET Signal Processing

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Recent research and development interests deal with metasurfaces for wireless systems beyond their consideration as intelligent tunable reflectors. Among the latest proposals is the simultaneously transmitting (a.k.a. refracting) and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR‐RIS) which intends to enable bidirectional indoor‐to‐outdoor, and vice versa communications thanks to its additional refraction capability. This double functionality provides increased flexibility in concurrently satisfying the quality‐of‐service requirements of users located at both sides of the metasurfaces, for example, the achievable data rate and localisation accuracy. The authors focus on STAR‐RIS‐empowered simultaneous indoor and outdoor three‐dimensional (3D) localisation, and study the fundamental performance limits via Fisher information analyses and Cramér Rao lower bounds (CRLBs). The authors also devise an efficient localisation algorithm based on an off‐grid compressive sensing (CS) technique relying on atomic norm minimisation (ANM). The impact of the training overhead, the power splitting at the STAR‐RIS, the power allocation between the users, the STAR‐RIS size, the imperfections of the STAR‐RIS‐to‐BS channel, as well as the role of the multi‐path components on the positioning performance are assessed via extensive computer simulations. It is theoretically demonstrated that high‐accuracy, up to centimetre level, 3D localisation can be simultaneously achieved for indoor and outdoor users, which is also accomplished via the proposed ANM‐based estimation algorithm.

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“…Those installed on vehicle surfaces can be alternatively be utilized for vehicle sensing, positioning, and/or even tracking. On the other hand, in indoor communications of smart cities, the HMIMO surfaces can be coated on windows and/or walls for transferring outdoor BS signals to indoor UEs and/or reflecting existing signals, to meet communication requirements of indoor UEs [56]. We can imagine in the grand space-air-ground-sea integrated communication network shown in Fig.…”

Section: Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Gong¹,

Gavriilidis²,

Ji³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

<p>Future wireless systems are envisioned to create an endogenously holography-capable, intelligent, and programmable radio propagation environment, that will offer unprecedented capabilities for high spectral and energy efficiency, low latency, and massive connectivity. A potential and promising technology for supporting the expected extreme requirements of the sixth-generation (6G) communication systems is the concept of the holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO), which will actualize holographic radios with reasonable power consumption and fabrication cost. The HMIMO is facilitated by ultra-thin, extremely large, and nearly continuous surfaces that incorporate reconfigurable and sub-wavelength-spaced antennas and/or metamaterials. Such surfaces comprising dense electromagnetic (EM) excited elements are capable of recording and manipulating impinging fields with utmost flexibility and precision, as well as with reduced cost and power consumption, thereby shaping arbitrary-intended EM waves with high energy efficiency. The powerful EM processing capability of HMIMO opens up the possibility of wireless communications of holographic imaging level, paving the way for signal processing techniques realized in the EM-domain, possibly in conjunction with their digital-domain counterparts. However, in spite of the significant potential, the studies on HMIMO communications are still at an initial stage, its fundamental limits remain to be unveiled, and a certain number of critical technical challenges need to be addressed. In this survey, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the HMIMO communications paradigm, with a special focus on their physical aspects, their theoretical foundations, as well as the enabling technologies for HMIMO systems. We also compare the HMIMO with existing multi-antenna technologies, especially the massive MIMO, present various promising synergies of HMIMO with current and future candidate technologies, and provide an extensive list of research challenges and open directions for future HMIMO-empowered wireless applications.</p>

show abstract

Smart Wireless Environments Enabled by RISs: Deployment Scenarios and Two Key Challenges

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

STAR‐RIS‐enabled simultaneous indoor and outdoor 3D localisation: Theoretical analysis and algorithmic design

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

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