Smartphone-based photoelectrochemical immunoassay of prostate-specific antigen based on Co-doped Bi2O2S nanosheets

Unlocking the potential of perovskite-based nanomaterials for revolutionary smartphone-based sensor applications

“…5,13–16 The success of these sophisticated sensors is fundamentally dependent on the innovative materials from which they are constructed. 17–19 A variety of nanomaterials have demonstrated potential in this arena: graphene, with its extraordinary electrical conductivity and surface area; 20–22 gold-based nanomaterials, 23–26 revered for their distinctive plasmonic properties; and polymer dots, 27,28 quantum dots, 29,30 which may integrate seamlessly with existing semiconductor frameworks. Yet, within this innovative spectrum, Perovskite-based nanomaterials offer unmatched benefits for the evolution of smartphone-integrated sensors.…”

Recent advances on portable photoelectrochemical biosensors for diagnostics

“…An external voltage is applied to the photoelectrode to improve its efficiency through promoting charge separation and suppressing secondary contamination [3]. In PEC biosensors, photoactive materials are excited to generate photogenerated electron-hole pairs, where light harvesting, charge separation, and interfacial redox reactions play key roles in enhancing the photocurrent signals [4,5]. PEC sensor is a new type of sensing technology developed based on electrochemical sensors, which passes through the photoelectric conversion ability of photoactive materials under light conditions.…”

Portable self-powered photoelectrochemical immunosensor based on Cu3SnS4 nanoflower for ultra-sensitive and real-time detection of human cytochrome c

“…43 Lin et al implemented PEC immunosensors for prostate specific antigen based on smartphones. 44 Such integrated devices have the advantages like touch screen, wireless transmission, programmable system, and easy operation, providing opportunities for intelligent detection. 23,45…”