Smartphone epifluorescence microscopy for cellular imaging of fresh tissue in low-resource settings

Zhu, Wei; Pirovano, Giacomo; O’Neal, Patrick K.; Gong, Cheng; Kulkarni, Nachiket; Nguyen, Catherine; Brand, Christian; Reiner, Thomas; Kang, Dongkyun

doi:10.1364/boe.11.000089

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In vitro internalization in LX22 cells demonstrated the rapid uptake of 123 I-MAPi into LX22 cells. A blocking study with olaparib confirmed target specificity of 123 I-MAPi for PARP1 (Figure 2(A)), a protein whose expression within LX22 cells was confirmed via western-blot (Figure 2(B)) by comparison with FaDu and U251, cell lines known to express PARP1 at detectable levels (Pirovano et al 2019;Kossatz et al 2020;Zhu et al 2020). Subcellular fractionation was performed showing uptake in the membrane, nucleus and chromatin and showed that most of the internalized compound is found in the nucleus and chromatin, with extremely small cytoplasmic localization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Improved radiosynthesis of ¹²³I-MAPi, an auger theranostic agent

Wilson

Jannetti

Guru

et al. 2020

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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Purpose: 123 I-MAPi, a novel PARP1-targeted Auger radiotherapeutic has shown promising results in pre-clinical glioma model. Currently, 123 I-MAPi is synthesized using multistep synthesis that results in modest yields and low molar activities (MA) that limits the ability to translate this technology for human studies where high doses are administered. Therefore, new methods are needed to synthesize 123 I-MAPi in high activity yields (AY) and improved MA to facilitate clinical translation and multicenter trials. Materials and methods: 123 I-MAPi was prepared in a single step via 123 I-iododetannylation of the corresponding tributylstannane precursor. In vitro internalization assay, subcellular fractionation and confocal microscopy where used to evaluate the performance of 123 I-MAPi in a small cell lung cancer model. Results: 123 I-MAPi was synthesized in a single step from the corresponding stannane precursor in AY of 45 ± 2% and MA of 11.8 ± 4.8 GBq mmol À1. In vitro in LX22 cells showed rapid internalization (5 min) with accumulation found predominantly in the membrane, nucleus and chromatin of the cell as determined by subcellular fractionation. Conclusions: Here, we have developed an improved radiosynthesis of 123 I-MAPi, an Auger theranostic agent. This process was achieved using a single step, 123 I-iododestannylation reaction from the corresponding stannane precursor in good AY and MA. 123 I-MAPi was evaluated in vitro in a small cell lung cancer model with high PARP expression, rapid internalization and high nuclear uptake shown.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Improved radiosynthesis of ¹²³I-MAPi, an auger theranostic agent

Wilson

Jannetti

Guru

et al. 2020

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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“…The front lens of the camera is easily unscrewed and removed, allowing the optics module to properly function while still providing high-quality imaging. Many lowcost microscopy projects make use of smartphone cameras for imaging [14][15][16], however as these retain the smartphone lens as part of the optical path they usually require additional costly optical components. In contrast, by using a well characterized, widely available sensor (Sony IMX219) [17], the OFM is able to reliably reproduce the reported imaging quality at minimal cost.…”

Section: Imaging Capabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robotic microscopy for everyone: the OpenFlexure microscope

Collins

Knapper

Stirling

et al. 2020

Biomed. Opt. Express

131

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Optical microscopes are an essential tool for both the detection of disease in clinics, and for scientific analysis. However, in much of the world access to high-performance microscopy is limited by both the upfront cost and maintenance cost of the equipment. Here we present an open-source, 3D-printed, and fully-automated laboratory microscope, with motorised sample positioning and focus control. The microscope is highly customisable, with a number of options readily available including trans-and epi-illumination, polarisation contrast imaging, and epi-florescence imaging. The OpenFlexure microscope has been designed to enable low-volume manufacturing and maintenance by local personnel, vastly increasing accessibility. We have produced over 100 microscopes in Tanzania and Kenya for educational, scientific, and clinical applications, demonstrating that local manufacturing can be a viable alternative to international supply chains that can often be costly, slow, and unreliable.

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“…In most cases, indocyanine green fluorescent imaging provides good sensitivity but poor specificity. Molecular contrast agents such as the fluorescent poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase inhibitor that are specific to poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase 1 might allow rapid and sensitive assays for early tumor detection and accurate assessment of surgical margins in cancer (22), which finds applications also in limited-resources settings (23). Current clinical trials using fluorescence-guided surgery aim to provide results in intraoperative imaging, specimen mapping, pathology correlation, and target validation in a wide variety of studies shown in biomarker expression analysis, laparoscopic NIR imaging, and sentinel lymph node detection (24,25).…”

Section: Clinical Advancesmentioning

confidence: 99%