Smartphone Text Input Method Performance, Usability, and Preference With Younger and Older Adults

Smith, Amanda; Chaparro, Barbara S.

doi:10.1177/0018720815575644

Cited by 93 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Due to this and its more natural and intuitive way of interaction (Smith et al, 2012) multi-touch technology is used in most emergent devices (Johnson et al, 2012), is widely accepted (Buxton, 2013) and young children are confronted with this technology even before oral communicative functions are fully developed (Plowman, 2015). There have been multi-touch usability studies targeted at a range of users from prekindergarten (Nacher et al, 2014) (Vatavu et al, 2015) to adults and the elderly (Gao and Sun, 2015) (Smith and Chaparro, 2015) (Mihajlov et al, 2014). There is thus a clear trend towards using this technology not only by adults but also by children and elderly people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Usability of Touch Screen Gestures for Children With Down Syndrome

Nacher

Cáliz

Jaén

et al. 2018

Interacting With Computers

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The use of multi-touch devices for all types of users (from children to the elderly) has grown considerably in the recent years. However, despite the huge interest in this technology there is a lack of research addressing usability studies on children with Down's Syndrome. This paper evaluates the abilities of these children (aged from 5 to 10 years) when performing a basic set of multi-touch gestures (tap, double tap, long press, drag, scale up & down, rotation) in tablet devices. The results show that regardless of their more limited motor skills, DS children are able to perform most of the evaluated multi-touch gestures with success rates close to 100 per cent and that this technology could be fully exploited for developing applications targeted specifically at this type of user. Highlights: Multi-touch technology is used in most emergent devices and is widely accepted  DS children are able to perform a basic set of multi-touch gestures  The long-press gesture is not possible by DS children without assistive strategies  Gender differences are not significant in interaction success rates

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Usability of Touch Screen Gestures for Children With Down Syndrome

Nacher

Cáliz

Jaén

et al. 2018

Interacting With Computers

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“…These changes due to aging make it such that older adults, when compared to younger adults, take longer to complete similar movements and lack ability to maintain continuous, coordinated movements -this is best described as having more "noise" in motor control skills [15]. These findings on how aging affects touch screen interaction is congruent to the findings by Smith and Chapparo [17].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Agingsupporting

confidence: 65%

An Ergonomics Analysis of Redundancy Effect in Touch Screen Design for the Aged Population

Riesenberg¹

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An Ergonomics Analysis of Redundancy Effect in Touch Screen Design for the AgedPopulation Sarah C. Riesenberg Touch screen technology is rapidly increasing, and at the same time there is a shifting, aging population. As the percentage of the population over the age of 65 increases, adults of the age group are adopting smartphones and tablets more now than ever before. Although older adults are adopting touch screen devices, they face many challenges when interacting with said devices, such as not knowing how to navigate between pages, not knowing where to click for an action to occur, and the touch screen interface is often too sensitive or the buttons are not big enough. Furthermore, the challenges of aging, specifically sensory and cognitive decline resulting from aging affect comprehension and spacial processing, which are critical when navigating through an interface.The purpose of this thesis was to better understand redundancy effect applied to females and males between the ages of 65 and 84. There were two tasks of different lengths, and for each task there were two designs. The first design included text only buttons, and the second included symbol + text buttons, the latter being the redundant interface. Quantitative results yielded no significant results for time for either task.Qualitative results included ratings for ease of navigation, general satisfaction, overall understanding, and button design preference. Preferences between text only buttons were statistically significant; for the task of online grocery shopping and booking a cruise, females prefer text only buttons and males prefer symbol + text buttons (p = 0.0068 and p = 0.0024). Although button design had no significance in completing a task, significant iv preference results indicate likelihood to return to a given website. Furthermore, although quantitative results were not significant, gender did influence average times per task and average ratings across categories. Further research could be conducted with larger sample sizes, other forms of redundancy, and larger tasks, however it is evident through this experiment that gender has an impact on how adults between 65 and 84 perceive and navigate through touch screen interfaces given the constraints of the symbols used, ages, and task designs. Therefore, concluding recommendations based on the qualitative data suggest that designers should create gender specific interfaces based on gender favored websites, or design based on the ability to customize the interface upon entering a website. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

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“…12,13 Because the accuracy of taps declines rapidly when buttons are small, 14 we decided to design for large keys, rather than try to squeeze overly small keys onto the device and rely heavily on correction.…”

Section: Initial Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Text Input on a Smart Watch

Komninos

Dunlop

2014

IEEE Pervasive Comput.

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T ext entry is a key component of many smartphone applications. The recent release of smart watches has met considerable interest, but without text entry, interaction is frustratingly limited-users can see posts, short messages, and emails but can't reply using the watch. As part of our ongoing work, we outline a text entry approach for smart watches, describe our initial prototype, and discuss the outcomes of our lab-based evaluation of the prototype. Text Entry on Small DevicesBefore the widespread adoption of touchscreen smartphones, 12-key physicalkeypad phones were the most common text entry method on small devices. Predictive technologies interpreted the ambiguous keys (usually three or four letters per key) and suggested words. 1,2 This approach was shown to achieve speeds of approximately 10 words per minute (wpm) for novices and 20 to 25 wpm for experts in controlled studies. 3 In a previous study, we investigated this approach using a reduced number of keys for text entry on watches, but we implemented it on a touchscreen handheld device. 4 In theory, 12key ambiguous predictive text quality could be very high (over 90 percent accurate), but in reality, each key sequence could match many different words, and some of these sequences included pairs of common words that caused problems. (For example, on a standard phone keypad, "he" and "if" are typed with the same keys.) The early models of prediction were based on simple unigram dictionary models that suggested the most common word matching a sequence. Nowadays, phones have much more power and memory, so they can easily support more complex prediction models, greatly reducing the impact of ambiguity.Alternative approaches for input on small devices include handwriting, 5 fast but difficultto-learn chord keyboards, 6 and specialized alphabets. 7 Many domestic appliances, such as televisions and games, use a date-stamp-inspired method, where the user scrolls through the alphabet and picks letters from a 2D line or 3D grid. However, this has been shown to be a slow entry method. 8 Finally, gesture wordbased input techniques offer great benefits for mobile phones and can provide a fast and more relaxing input method than continuously tapping small on-screen buttons. 9 There is currently very little work focusing on text entry for smart watches. One such method is Zoomboard, where a full qwerty keyboard is shrunk to fill the smart-watch screen. 10 Users tap once to zoom into a keyboard area and a second time to select a letter from that area. Although shown to be good enough for input speeds up to 9 wpm, this interaction method lacks suggestion support and increases the number of interactions, because additional input is required for zooming. Furthermore, this Although smart watches let users receive many forms of communication, there is usually no direct way of replying. The authors introduce an interaction design and an optimized alphabetic layout for smart-watch text entry and present an evaluation using a working prototype.

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Smartphone Text Input Method Performance, Usability, and Preference With Younger and Older Adults

Abstract: These findings have implications to the design of future smartphone text input methods and devices, particularly for older adults.

Cited by 93 publications

References 26 publications

Examining the Usability of Touch Screen Gestures for Children With Down Syndrome

Examining the Usability of Touch Screen Gestures for Children With Down Syndrome

An Ergonomics Analysis of Redundancy Effect in Touch Screen Design for the Aged Population

Text Input on a Smart Watch

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