Smartphone usage in adolescents – motives and link to sleep disturbances, stress and sleep reactivity

Kater, Maren-Jo; Schlarb, Angelika

doi:10.1007/s11818-020-00272-7

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Among leisure-time activities, mobile device use at bedtime, which can cause hyperarousal and interfere with falling asleep (Owens et al, 2014), increased the probability of a preference. Recently, Kater and Schlarb (2020) proposed that not the duration of mobile device use, but rather the motive to do so explains the sleep-disruptive effect (i.e. problem-avoidance).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents’ preference for later school start times

Werner

Albrecht

Widmer

et al. 2021

Journal of Sleep Research

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Summary As the chronotype delays progressively throughout puberty, early morning school start times (SSTs) contradict the sleep biology of adolescents. Various studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of later SSTs on sleep and health; however, adolescents’ preferences for SSTs have to date never been investigated in detail. The present online survey study aimed to fill this gap and explored influencing factors. A total of 17 high schools in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland, circulated the survey among their students. Participants were included if they reported their sex, age, and school (n = 5,308). Students indicated whether they preferred later SSTs. Additionally, five predictor blocks were assessed: sociodemographic, school‐related, sleep, leisure‐time, and health‐related characteristics. We applied multivariate logistic regression models with fixed and random effects to predict the preference. The mean (SD) age of the students was 16.09 (1.76) years (65.1% female). The majority (63.2%) endorsed later SSTs with a preferred delay of 55 min (interquartile range 25–75 min). In the multilevel analysis (n = 2,627), sex, mother tongue, sleep characteristics, mobile device use at bedtime, caffeine consumption, and health‐related quality of life were significant predictors for the preference. Hence, the majority of adolescents preferred later SSTs, and especially those with sleep or health‐related problems. These characteristics have been consistently shown to improve after delaying SSTs. Thus, also from adolescents’ view, later SSTs should be considered to improve the adolescents’ health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents’ preference for later school start times

Werner

Albrecht

Widmer

et al. 2021

Journal of Sleep Research

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“…For the Icelandic and Estonian versions, parallel back-translation was used [ 38 , 39 , 40 ]. PSQI is widely used in the adolescent populations as it measures different components of sleep quality as subjective sleep quality, sleep disturbances, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, use of sleep medications and daytime dysfunction [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. The questionnaire consists of 19 items, which are grouped into 7 components that generate a final score.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Quality and Duration in European Adolescents (The AdolesHealth Study): A Cross-Sectional, Quantitative Study

et al. 2021

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Sleep is a vital element of adolescents’ overall health; it influences their body and mind and thus affects their quality of life. Adequate sleep quality and duration are essential for maintaining optimal metabolic health and lowering the risk of developing several medical conditions, such as cardiovascular disease. The current study aimed to assess the perceived sleep quality and duration of 1717 European adolescents from three different European countries (Spain, Iceland and Estonia) aged 13- to 16-years (900 boys, 817 girls) using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed to examine differences between groups and two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze city and age differences. The probability of having poor sleep quality and duration was calculated by Odd-Ratio (OR). Our study found poor sleep quality in 44% of the boys and 53% of the girls, whereas 68% and 69%, respectively did not get the recommended hours of sleep (i.e., 8–10 h). No difference was found between adolescents from Estonia, Iceland and Spain regarding sleep duration. In contrast, Spanish and Estonian adolescents reported higher probabilities of having poor sleep quality. Finally, girls had a significantly higher probability of poor sleep quality than boys.

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“…Sleep may be a major influencing factor for PMPU and depressive symptoms, because studies have indirectly shown that there may be biological and psychological connections among the three factors. A German study found adolescents with sleep disorders more likely to use smartphones longer because they used smartphones as a coping mechanism to suppress worries [39]. This indirectly indicated that poor sleep quality may cause individuals to develop PMPU.…”

Section: Sleep Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal relationships among problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality and depressive symptoms in Chinese college students: a cross-lagged panel analysis

Cui

Yin

et al. 2021

BMC Psychiatry

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Background Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have found that problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms are strongly associated. However, studies are inconsistent regarding whether problematic mobile phone use predicts depressive symptoms or vice versa, and sleep factors have been infrequently focused on in this regard. In addition, few studies have examined the longitudinal associations and directions of effects between these factors. Therefore, this study aims to explore the longitudinal relationship among problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms in college students. Methods Overall, 1181 college students completed questionnaires on problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms at two time points 12 months apart. A cross-lagged model was used to examine the longitudinal relationship between these factors. Results Cross-lagged analyses showed significant bidirectional relationships of problematic mobile phone use with bedtime procrastination and depressive symptoms. Additionally, there were also significant bidirectional relationships of sleep quality with bedtime procrastination and depressive symptoms. Problematic mobile phone use predicted subsequent sleep quality one-way, and bedtime procrastination predicted subsequent depressive symptoms one-way. Conclusions This study further expands our understanding of the longitudinal and bidirectional relationships among problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality and depressive symptoms and helps school mental health educators design targeted interventions to reduce problematic mobile phone use, sleep problems, and depressive symptoms among college students.

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Smartphone usage in adolescents – motives and link to sleep disturbances, stress and sleep reactivity

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

Adolescents’ preference for later school start times

Adolescents’ preference for later school start times

Sleep Quality and Duration in European Adolescents (The AdolesHealth Study): A Cross-Sectional, Quantitative Study

Longitudinal relationships among problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality and depressive symptoms in Chinese college students: a cross-lagged panel analysis

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