Smectitic Clays as Ionic Macromolecules

Lagaly, G.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-4187-8_2

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Charged nanoparticles in such associates can be considered as macromolecules [29]. In that case, they may be treated in the context of a polyelectrolyte complexes theory [22,30].…”

Section: Bionanocomposite Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan bionanocomposites prepared in the self-organized regime

Postnova

Sarin

Силантьев

et al. 2015

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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Bionanocomposites in the self-organized regime are prepared when chitosan is gradually charged in the course of progressive change of pH by hydrolyzing D-glucono-δ-lactone in solutions of nanoparticles bearing negative charges on their surface. This novel approach is applicable to the formation of monolithic hydrogels and films. Here bionanocomposites of chitosan with clay nanoparticles of saponite and sepiolite having various geometry and with oxidized multiwall carbon nanotubes are considered. Structural organization of hydrogels and films is studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as small angle X-ray scattering. Jellification is caused by generation of three-dimensional network from fibrils, whereas films have pronounced stratified layer (nacre-like) structure from stacked nanoparticles and aligned chitosan macromolecules. Special attention is paid to mechanical properties of films that are improved drastically with introducing nanoparticles.

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“…Charged nanoparticles in such associates can be considered as macromolecules [29]. In that case, they may be treated in the context of a polyelectrolyte complexes theory [22,30].…”

Section: Bionanocomposite Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan bionanocomposites prepared in the self-organized regime

Postnova

Sarin

Силантьев

et al. 2015

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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“…Exfoliated or delaminated morphology is obtained when layered silicates are completely and uniformly dispersed in a continuous polymer matrix. This structure is usually considered as the most preferred one, because it can provide better physical and mechanical properties of nanocomposite materials [13–17]. Exfoliated structure is mainly obtained during a melt‐mixing process [9, 11], because the polymer can crawl into the interlayer space and can form exfoliated nanocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological aspects of injected polypropylene/clay nanocomposite materials

Salah

Daly

Denault

et al. 2012

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Polypropylene (PP) clay nanocomposites were injection‐molded using two different coupling agents based on maleic anhydride‐grafted PP (MA‐g‐PP) and two clay loadings. The morphological aspects of these materials were studied by depth profiling. Molecular chain and clay orientations were characterized using attenuated total reflectance‐infrared analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both clay platelets and PP molecular chain orientations were found to decrease from the surface toward the core of the injection–molded specimens. Clay intercalation, characterized by both complementary X‐ray diffraction and TEM, was found to be significantly influenced by both the characteristics of the coupling agent used and the type of residual stresses generated at each layer across the thickness of the injection‐molded parts. The use of low‐molecular weight (Mw) MA‐g‐PP led to a uniform intercalation but with no further exfoliation. The use of higher molecular weight MA‐g‐PP led to a heterogeneous intercalation with some signs of exfoliation. The crystallization behavior of PP clay nanocomposites studied by differential scanning calorimetry showed an increase in the level of crystallinity from the surface to the core of the specimens; these results were also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…Originally, Lagaly (1986a) had proposed various arrangements of alkyl chains in organoclays based on Xray diffraction analysis. Vaia et al (1994) on the basis of FTIR spectroscopy studies on series of primary and quaternary alkyl ammonium cations inside the interlayer space have proposed interlamellar monolayer, bilayer or pseudolayer types of arrangements of the chains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%