Smokeless tobacco use in India: Role of prices and advertising

Kostova, Deliana; Dave, Dhaval

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.05.036

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Estimates of price elasticities of SLT products are rarely available from Southeast Asian countries. Available studies in India 7 8 9 10 show the price elasticity of SLT products is in the range −0.1 to −0.9 and those from Bangladesh 11 show the elasticity to be in the range −0.39 to −0.64. If price elasticity lies within the range of 0 to 1 such products are relatively insensitive to price increase.…”

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confidence: 99%

Smokeless tobacco taxation

John

Yadav

Sinha³

2018

Indian Journal of Medical Research

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Southeast Asia accounts for nearly 86 per cent of the smokeless tobacco (SLT) consumers in the world. The heterogeneous nature of SLT is a major impediment to using taxation as a tool to regulate SLT. This study was aimed to review issues around fiscal policies on SLT with the objective of providing clarity on the use of taxation as an effective policy instrument to regulate SLT use. Descriptive statistics and graphical representations were used to analyze published data from different sources. An analysis of prices and tax between smoke and SLT products was done to understand the impact of tax policies on SLT consumption. India, Bangladesh and Myanmar together account for 71 per cent of the world SLT users. The retail prices (PPP$) and tax were lower for SLT in low- and lower-middle-income countries and higher in high-income countries, on an average, suggesting a direct relationship between the two. Evidence from India and Bangladesh suggested that taxation had significantly reduced SLT use among adults. The compounded levy scheme used in India to tax SLT was found effective after incorporating speed of packing machines into the assessment of deemed production and tax on SLT products. The current analysis shows that taxation can be an effective instrument to regulate SLT consumption if tax rates are harmonized across SLT products and in a manner not to encourage substitution with other tobacco products. It is also imperative to set a minimum floor price on all tobacco products including SLT.

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confidence: 99%

Smokeless tobacco taxation

John

Yadav

Sinha³

2018

Indian Journal of Medical Research

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“…The increased use of smokeless tobacco products is directly proportional to cessation of smoking. The increasing prices of SLT products, which have doubled, may indirectly discourage people from using SLT products 27 . A similar increase in tobacco consumption is occurring globally, with a concomitant increase in tobacco-related deaths and diseases 28 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Smokeless tobacco products profile and pictorial warning labels in India: A review

Shaik¹,

Maddu²

2019

Popul. Med.

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INTRODUCTION Smokeless tobacco (SLT) companies produce different SLT brands and types that are used extensively throughout India. METHODS Within this cross-sectional pack-collection study, available information on details, composition, and profiles of various SLT products and the pictorial warning labels were collected from available retail paan shops in Ananthapur town, Andhra Pradesh, India. RESULTS SLT products are defined by specified names according to regional levels and the products of SLT have their own product constituents. The smokeless tobacco products like madhu chhap, hans chhap, and miraj were identified. The gutkha brands are in the form of khaleja and

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“…The estimated demand curve implies that the price elasticity of tobacco was about 0.85 when evaluated using the average price and quantity with a 95% CI ranging from 0.73 to 0.92. Studies in countries other than Japan such as India (10,11), China (12), the U.S. (13), and Jordan (14) have examined the price elasticity of tobacco, yielding figures ranging from 0.212 in India to 1.15 in Jordan. In comparison, the price elasticity in the current study was moderate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare analysis of a zero-smoking policy – A case study in Japan

Nakamura

Takahashi

Nomura³

et al. 2018

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Smoking cessation efforts in Japan reduce smoking rates. A future zero-smoking policy would completely prohibit smoking (0% rate). We therefore analyzed the social welfare of smokers and non-smokers under a hypothetical zero-smoking policy. The demand curve for smoking from 1990 to 2014 was estimated by defining quantity as the number of cigarettes smoked and price as total tobacco sales/total cigarettes smoked by the two-stage least squares method using the tax on tobacco as the instrumental variable. In the estimation equation (calculated using the ordinary least squares method), the price of tobacco was the dependent variable and tobacco quantity the explanatory variable. The estimated constant was 31.90, the estimated coefficient of quantity was - 0.0061 (both, p < 0.0004), and the determinant coefficient was 0.9187. Thus, the 2015 consumer surplus was 1.08 trillion yen (US$ 9.82 billion) (95% confidence interval (CI), 889 billion yen (US$ 8.08 billion) - 1.27 trillion yen (US$ 11.6 billion)). Because tax revenue from tobacco in 2011 was 2.38 trillion yen (US$ 21.6 billion), the estimated deadweight loss if smoking were prohibited in 2014 was 3.31 trillion yen (US$ 30.2 billion) (95% CI, 3.13 trillion yen (US$ 28.5 billion) - 3.50 trillion yen (US$ 31.8 billion)), representing a deadweight loss about 0.6 trillion yen (US$ 5.45 billion) below the 2014 disease burden (4.10-4.12 trillion yen (US$ 37.3-37.5 billion)). We conclude that a zero-smoking policy would improve social welfare in Japan.

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Smokeless tobacco use in India: Role of prices and advertising

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Smokeless tobacco taxation

Smokeless tobacco taxation

Smokeless tobacco products profile and pictorial warning labels in India: A review

Welfare analysis of a zero-smoking policy – A case study in Japan

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