Smoking and young women in Vietnam: the influence of normative gender roles

Morrow, Martha G.; Ngoc, Do Hong; Hoang, Truong Trong; Trinh, Tran Hue

doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00310-0

Cited by 60 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In this developing country today, gender norms continue to exert considerable pressure and beliefs about women's traditional obligations and limitations in social life are widely accepted. For instance, female smoking is overwhelmingly considered 'inappropriate' while male smoking is seen as normative (Morrow et al, 2002). Alcohol is considered as a men's drink, a way for men to demonstrate their masculinity or to improve male bonding (Linh et al, 2003).…”

Section: 'Feminisation' Of Wine Consumption In Vietnam Versus Traditimentioning

confidence: 99%

Opinions on Wine in a New Consumer Country: A Comparative Study of Vietnam and France

Patris

Valentin

2009

Journal of Wine Research

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Section: 'Feminisation' Of Wine Consumption In Vietnam Versus Traditimentioning

confidence: 99%

Opinions on Wine in a New Consumer Country: A Comparative Study of Vietnam and France

Patris

Valentin

2009

Journal of Wine Research

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“…10,20 This notion is consistent with research regarding the social acceptability of female smoking in other emerging economies. 21 However, researchers suggest that the social acceptability of smoking among women is changing among the youth. 22 Urbanization and Urbanicity in South Africa Health status research in South Africa suggests that patterns of illness and chronic disease are related to urbanization, or the process of urban growth and development.…”

Section: Background Black Women's (Non) Smoking Lifestyle In South Afmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Coming to Town”: The Impact of Urbanicity, Cigarette Advertising, and Network Norms on the Smoking Attitudes of Black Women in Cape Town, South Africa

2008

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This study was conducted to examine the effect of urban living on smoking attitudes among black African women in South Africa. We examine how urbanicity affects attitudes toward smoking and how it moderates the relationship between both advertising exposure and network norms on black women's smoking attitudes. Respondents were 975 black women currently living in Cape Town townships, some of which were raised in rural villages or small towns. Respondents completed a cross-sectional survey, which included data on smoking attitudes, norms, and exposure to cigarette advertising. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed with smoking attitudes as the response variable, and urbanicity, cigarette advertising exposure, and network smoking norms as primary explanatory variables. Interactions were tested to determine whether urbanicity modified the effect of advertising exposure and network norms on smoking attitudes. Independent effects of urbanicity, exposure to cigarette advertising, and greater smoking prevalence within women's networks were associated with more favorable smoking attitudes. In addition, urbanicity moderated the relationship between network smoking norms and smoking attitudes, but not cigarette advertising exposure and smoking attitudes. Urbanicity, cigarette advertising, and networks play important roles in women's attitudes toward smoking, and potentially, smoking behavior. Overall, our results suggest that strong and creative anti-smoking efforts are needed to combat the potential for a smoking epidemic among an increasingly urbanized population of black women in South Africa and similar emerging markets. Additional research is warranted.

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“…8,10,11 Almost no research has been done on smoking in women in Asia, where although relatively low, the prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate. [12][13][14][15] In many smoking studies of Asian populations, findings were not sex-disaggregated because the prevalence is so low among women that their statistics overcomplicate general tobacco research. Research interest in female smoking is nascent in Asia, and tobacco control advocates are less likely to recognize the determinants of female smoking, and policymakers are less likely to have developed gender-sensitive tobacco control policies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Smoking Behaviors in an Asian Population

Tsai

Tsai²,

Yang³

et al. 2008

Journal of Women's Health

106

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Background: Gender-sensitive tobacco control policies are being challenged, and new directions are being sought because public health efforts have reduced cigarette consumption more substantially among men than among women. To better target women, it would help to identify the protective cultural factors that promote resiliency in women and discourage them from smoking. Whereas western cultures have generated a great deal of gender-specific research and programs on the prevention of smoking in women, Asian cultures have not. Taking a personal and sociocultural perspective, this study examines the effect of gender on smoking behaviors in Taiwan. Methods: In a 2004 cross-sectional random-sampled interview survey, 827 adult men and 90 adult women smokers in Taiwan were queried about the time they began smoking, maintenance of their habits, and their readiness to change. Results: The male/female smoking rate ratio was 9.5 (45.7% vs. 4.8%). Men smoked significantly more cigarettes per day than women (18 vs. 11). We found Taiwanese women started smoking around 20 years old, much later than their western counterparts. We also found that whereas the smoking behavior of the men was very sensitive to social environment and structural factors, that of women revolved around their desire to control their weight and handle their emotions. Conclusions: Differences in the smoking behavior of men and women are a result of a different sociocultural environment and the life trajectories and social circumstances embedded within it. Comprehensive tobacco control policies need to be tailored to not just smoking behavior alone or one population alone but to the determinants of smoking behavior in specific groups, for example, women. Even when targeting women, some effort may be needed on targeting women of different ethnicities, for instance, Asian women in whom the prevalence is increasing at alarming rates.

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Smoking and young women in Vietnam: the influence of normative gender roles

Cited by 60 publications

References 15 publications

Opinions on Wine in a New Consumer Country: A Comparative Study of Vietnam and France

Opinions on Wine in a New Consumer Country: A Comparative Study of Vietnam and France

“Coming to Town”: The Impact of Urbanicity, Cigarette Advertising, and Network Norms on the Smoking Attitudes of Black Women in Cape Town, South Africa

Gender Differences in Smoking Behaviors in an Asian Population

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