Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance

Chellappan, Srikumar

doi:10.3390/curroncol29120782

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…An association of smoking with treatment resistance is likely to emerge in this study, as many smokers had quit smoking or avoided passive smoking due to knowledge among practitioners that smoking promotes cervical cancer development. Some studies show that smoking cessation after cancer diagnosis enhances the therapeutic response (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenol-based Chemical Peeling Therapy for Cervico-vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN/VaIN)

Maehama,

Shimada,

Sakamoto

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective: This study aimed to validate the use of liquid phenol-based chemical peeling therapy for cervico-vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN and VaIN), with the goal of circumventing obstetric complications associated with surgical treatment. Methods: A total of 483 eligible women diagnosed with CIN and/or VaIN participated in this study. Participants underwent phenol-based chemical peeling therapy every 4 weeks until disease clearance. Disease clearance was determined by negative Pap tests for four consecutive weeks. HPV genotyping was conducted at the onset of the study and after disease clearance in select cases. Results: Among the 476 participants (excluding those with cancer), the number of treatment sessions until CIN/VaIN clearance ranged from 2 to 49 (median = 7 sessions). Forty-five participants (9.4%) underwent surgical treatments. Seven participants (1.5%) experienced recurrence, presenting with CIN2/VaIN2 or worse lesions; of these, three underwent LEEP, while four repeated the chemical peeling therapy. No obstetrical complications were noted among the 98 pregnancies following this therapy. The findings suggest that phenol-based therapy is safe and effective for CIN, although it requires numerous and lengthy treatments. Factors associated with resistance to this therapy include immune suppression, high-grade lesions, multiple HPV type infection, and direct or passive smoking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenol-based Chemical Peeling Therapy for Cervico-vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN/VaIN)

Maehama,

Shimada,

Sakamoto

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…69 Further, there is substantial evidence for improved efficacy and reduced side effects of treatment with immunotherapy, irradiation and chemotherapy in patients with LC who are non-smokers compared with smokers. 70 While the beneficial effects of smoking cessation at an earlier, non-metastatic stage of LC have been demonstrated repeatedly, no comprehensive evidence is available for patients at an advanced cancer stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and quality of life in lung cancer patients: systematic review

Halms,

Strasser,

Hasan

et al. 2023

BMJ Support Palliat Care

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ObjectivesLung cancer (LC) accounts for the largest number of cancer deaths worldwide, with smoking being the leading cause for its development. While quality of life (QoL) is a crucial factor in the treatment of patients with LC, the impact of smoking status on QoL remains unclear. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of available evidence on the relationship between smoking status and QoL among patients with LC.MethodsA systematic search of Embase, Medline and Web of Science was conducted. Studies reporting the impact of smoking status on QoL among patients with LC were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of studies, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme appraisal tool for cohort studies. A descriptive synthesis was performed due to the heterogeneity of the studies.ResultsA total of 23 studies met the inclusion criteria (17 studies providing cross-sectional and 6 longitudinal data). The studies included a total of 10 251 participants. The results suggested a tendency towards lower QoL among smokers compared with non-smokers. The effect of smoking cessation on QoL was insufficiently investigated in the included studies and therefore remains inconclusive.ConclusionsThe findings of this review suggest that current smokers may experience worse QoL than former and never smokers. The results of this systematic review should, however, be viewed in the context of the difficulty of data collection in this patient group given the low survival rates and low performance status, among other factors and in light of the large variety of different QoL measures used. Future research requires uniform QoL measures, a holistic representation of all patients with LC as well as a comprehensive consideration of all potential determinants of QoL. The potential benefits of smoking cessation on QoL among patients with LC require investigation.

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“…A weak association of smoking with treatment resistance is likely to emerge in the present study, as many smokers had quit smoking or avoided passive smoking due to awareness provided by practitioners that smoking promotes cervical cancer development. Some studies show that smoking cessation after a cancer diagnosis enhances the therapeutic response [32]. Furthermore, smoking affects the host immune response [33] against persistent HPV infection, especially in high-grade CINs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Peeling Therapy Using Phenol for the Cervico-Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Maehama,

Shimada,

Sakamoto

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Objective: This study aimed to validate the use of liquid phenol-based chemical peeling therapy for cervical and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN and VaIN, respectively), with the goal of circumventing obstetric complications associated with surgical treatment and to determine the factors associated with treatment resistance. Methods: A total of 483 eligible women diagnosed with CIN, VaIN, or both, participated in this study. Participants underwent phenol-based chemical peeling therapy every 4 weeks until disease clearance. Disease clearance was determined by negative Pap tests for four consecutive weeks or by colposcopy. HPV genotyping was conducted at the onset of the study and after disease clearance in select cases. Our preliminary analysis compared the recurrence and persistence rates between 294 individuals who received phenol-based chemical peeling therapy and 189 untreated patients. Results: At 2 years following diagnosis, persistent disease was observed in 18%, 60%, and 88% of untreated patients with CIN1–3, respectively, and <2% of patients with CIN who received phenol-based chemical peeling therapy. Among 483 participants, 10 immune-suppressed patients required multiple treatments to achieve disease clearance, and 7 were diagnosed with cervical cancer. Of the 466 participants, except those with cancer or immune suppression, the number of treatment sessions until CIN/VaIN clearance ranged from 2 to 42 (average: 9.2 sessions). In total, 43 participants (9.2%) underwent surgical treatment. Six patients (1.3%) experienced recurrence of CIN2 or worse, suggesting that treatment failed in 46 patients (9.9%). No obstetrical complications were noted among the 98 pregnancies following this therapy. Factors associated with resistance to this therapy include immune suppression, ages 35–39 years, higher-grade lesions, and multiple HPV-type infections. Conclusions: Phenol-based therapy is safe and effective for CINs and VaINs. Women aged < 35 years and with persistent CIN1 or CIN2 with a single HPV-type infection are suitable candidates for phenol-based chemical peeling therapy. However, this therapy requires multiple lengthy sessions.

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Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance

Cited by 14 publications

References 102 publications

Phenol-based Chemical Peeling Therapy for Cervico-vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN/VaIN)

Phenol-based Chemical Peeling Therapy for Cervico-vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN/VaIN)

Smoking and quality of life in lung cancer patients: systematic review

Chemical Peeling Therapy Using Phenol for the Cervico-Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia

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