Smoking cessation and weight gain in patients with cardiovascular disease or risk factor

Issa, Jaqueline Schölz; Santos, Paulo Caleb Júnior Lima; Vieira, Lis Proença; Abe, Tânia Ogawa; Kuperszmidt, Carla; Nakasato, Miyoko; Cardoso, Elizabeth; Amorim, Clarice; Pereira, Alexandre C.

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.01.055

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Continuous abstinence (CA) was investigated after 6 months of starting pharmacotherapy. Smoking status (outcome) was divided into: success group (patients who completed 6 months of CA confirmed by end-expiratory exhaled carbon monoxide < 4 ppm), relapse group (patients who did not complete 6 months of CA), and resistant group (patients who never achieved CA after starting drug treatment) [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 5 subunit polymorphisms are associated with smoking cessation success in women

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe identification of variants in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit genes associated with smoking phenotypes are increasingly important for prevention and treatment of nicotine dependence. In the context of personalized medicine, the aims of this study were to evaluate whether cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 2 (CHRNA2), cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 3 (CHRNA3), cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 5 (CHRNA5) and cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 3 (CHRNB3) polymorphisms were associated with nicotine dependence severity, and to investigate possible pharmacogenetics markers of smoking cessation treatment.MethodsThis study cohort enrolled 1049 smoking patients who received pharmacological treatment (varenicline, varenicline plus bupropion, bupropion plus/or nicotine replacement therapy). Smoking cessation success was considered for patients who completed 6 months of continuous abstinence. Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND) and Issa situational smoking scores (Issa score) were analyzed for nicotine dependence. CHRNA2 (rs2472553), CHRNA3 (rs1051730), CHRNA5 (rs16969968 and rs2036527) and CHRNB3 (rs6474413) polymorphisms were genotyped by high resolution melting analysis.ResultsFemales with GA and AA genotypes for CHRNA5 rs16969968 and rs2036527 polymorphisms had higher success rate in smoking cessation treatment: 44.0% and 56.3% (rs16969968), 41.5% and 56.5% (rs2036527), respectively, compared with carriers of the GG genotypes: 35.7% (rs16969968), 34.8% (rs2036527), (P = 0.03, n = 389; P = 0.01, n = 391). The GA or AA genotypes for the rs16969968 and rs2036527 were associated with higher odds ratio for success in women (OR = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.04 to 2.54; P = 0.03 and OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.48; P = 0.04; respectively). We did not find association of these polymorphisms with nicotine dependence related scores. Polymorphisms in the CHRNA2, CHRNA3 and CHRNB3 genes were not associated with the phenotypes studied.ConclusionCHRNA5 rs16969968 and rs2036527 were associated with higher success rate in the smoking cessation treatment in women. These findings might contribute to advances in personalized medicine.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0571-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 5 subunit polymorphisms are associated with smoking cessation success in women

et al. 2018

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“…Continuous abstinence rate (CAR) was investigated after 6 months as of starting pharmacotherapy. Smoking status (outcome) was divided into: success group (patients who completed 6 months of CAR confirmed by carbon monoxide concentration), relapse group (patients who did not complete 6 months of CAR), and resistant group (patients who never achieved CAR after starting drug treatment; Issa et al, 2013 , 2014 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CHRNA4 rs1044396 is associated with smoking cessation in varenicline therapy

et al. 2015

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Background: The large individual variability in response to drugs for smoking cessation suggests that specific treatments can be more effective in particular subgroups of smokers. In the context of personalized medicine, the main aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the CHRNA4 and CHRNB2 polymorphisms are associated with response to smoking cessation therapies in patients from a smoker assistance program.Methods: This cohort study enrolled 483 smoking patients who received behavioral counseling and drug treatment (varenicline, bupropion, and/or nicotine replacement therapy). Smoking cessation success was considered for patients who completed 6 months of continuous abstinence. Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND) and Issa situational smoking scores were analyzed for nicotine dependence. The CHRNA4 (rs1044396 and rs2236196) and CHRNB2 (rs2072660 and rs2072661) polymorphisms were genotyped by high resolution melting analysis.Results: Patients with rs1044396 CC genotype had lower success rate in treatment with varenicline (29.5%) compared with carriers of CT or TT genotypes (50.9%; p = 0.007, n = 167). The CT or TT genotypes were associated with higher odds ratio for success (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.10–2.53, p = 0.02), in a multivariate model. We did not observe significant differences in the FTND and Issa scores according to the studied polymorphisms.Conclusion: The CHRNA4 rs1044396 is associated with smoking cessation in individuals on varenicline therapy. We suggest that this polymorphism influences the varenicline response, but replications of this finding are needed.

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“…16,73 In 2005, obesity overtook smoking as the most common preventable cause of illness in the US. 42 Notably, these 2 problems are inversely related, with several studies associating obesity with smoking cessation, 19,28,31 and weight gain being one of the main concerns for individuals who are considering smoking cessation. 71 In the present study, obese patients also reported a lower incidence of smoking, which is consistent with previous reports.…”

Section: Discussion Patient Demographic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of obesity on complications, infection, and patient-reported outcomes in adult spinal deformity surgery

Soroceanu

Burton

Diebo

et al. 2015

SPI

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OBJECT Adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery is known for its high complication rate. This study examined the impact of obesity on complication rates, infection, and patient-reported outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for ASD. METHODS This study was a retrospective review of a multicenter prospective database of patients with ASD who were treated surgically. Patients with available 2-year follow-up data were included. Obesity was defined as having a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. Data collected included complications (total, minor, major, implant-related, radiographic, infection, revision surgery, and neurological injury), estimated blood loss (EBL), operating room (OR) time, length of stay (LOS), and patient-reported questionnaires (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], Short Form-36 [SF-36], and Scoliosis Research Society [SRS]) at baseline and at 6 weeks, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively. The impact of obesity was studied using multivariate modeling, accounting for confounders. RESULTS Of 241 patients who satisfied inclusion criteria, 175 patients were nonobese and 66 were obese. Regression models showed that obese patients had a higher overall incidence of major complications (IRR 1.54, p = 0.02) and wound infections (odds ratio 4.88, p = 0.02). Obesity did not increase the number of minor complications (p = 0.62), radiographic complications (p = 0.62), neurological complications (p = 0.861), or need for revision surgery (p = 0.846). Obesity was not significantly correlated with OR time (p = 0.23), LOS (p = 0.9), or EBL (p = 0.98). Both groups experienced significant improvement overtime, as measured on the ODI (p = 0.0001), SF-36 (p = 0.0001), and SRS (p = 0.0001) questionnaires. However, the overall magnitude of improvement was less for obese patients (ODI, p = 0.0035; SF-36, p = 0.0012; SRS, p = 0.022). Obese patients also had a lower rate of improvement over time (SRS, p = 0.0085; ODI, p = 0.0001; SF-36, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that obese patients have an increased risk of complications following ASD correction. Despite these increased complications, obese patients do benefit from surgical intervention; however, their improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQL) is less than that of nonobese patients.

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Smoking cessation and weight gain in patients with cardiovascular disease or risk factor

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 5 subunit polymorphisms are associated with smoking cessation success in women

Cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 5 subunit polymorphisms are associated with smoking cessation success in women

CHRNA4 rs1044396 is associated with smoking cessation in varenicline therapy

Impact of obesity on complications, infection, and patient-reported outcomes in adult spinal deformity surgery

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