Smoking Cessation Interventions for COPD: A Review of the Literature

Abstract

The aim of this systematic review is to establish the most effective stop smoking intervention approach for smokers with COPD. The search strategy included the electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, DARE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL, between January 2006 and January 2010. References of the included studies were also screened for additional papers, and further hand searches were conducted. The selection criteria included randomized controlled trials or quasi-randomized controlled trials with at least one subject group diagnosed with COPD. Two independent reviewers reviewed the included studies, using a quality assessment form developed from the selection criteria. Divergence of quality assessment scores was resolved by the 2 reviewers agreeing on a score. The 4 studies selected indicate that psychosocial interventions combined with pharmacotherapy are effective in smoking cessation at 12 months post-intervention, although the effect is not statistically significant, due to small sample size and heterogeneity between the studies (odds ratio 2.35, 95% CI 0.25-21.74,). However, despite this medium effect size, due to a lack of universal use of pharmacotherapies in most of the studies, it makes a definitive comparison of efficacy difficult to determine. This review also shows the effectiveness of psychosocial treatment for people with or without COPD symptoms at 12 months, although the effect of disease severity is not clear. This review also highlights the difficulty of maintaining attendance at community-based locations, compared to acute or research settings.

Smoking cessation in adults with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from randomised controlled trials

“…There is no evidence from our review that, if such motivation is present, it translates into improved outcomes. In other high-risk patient groups, for example, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease29 and cardiovascular disease,30 higher point estimates of the effect of intervention on smoking cessation are reported with most trials extending to 12-month follow-up.…”

Effectiveness of a partnership‐based self‐management programme for patients with mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial

“…Studies on the effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments are heterogeneous (Pires‐Yfantouda et al . ), showing an abstinence rate of up to 25% in one year (GOLD ). Family‐based smoking cessation treatment increases the likelihood of successful quitting attempts (Key et al .…”

Chronic Respiratory Disease and Health-Related Quality of Life of African American Older Adults in an Economically Disadvantaged Area of Los Angeles

“…If CRCs are independent determinants of HRQoL among African American older adults (just as smoking is a risk factor for CRCs), then there is a need for greater investment in programs aimed at reducing smoking and CRCs in resource-scarce low-income urban African American communities. Given that smoking is a modifiable risk factor for CRCs [24,25,26,27], increased investment is needed to find the most effective smoking-cessation programs for African Americans [24,26]. Acceptable and expandable programs for reducing CRCs in such communities [23,28,29,30] are also needed.…”