Smoking, Earlier Menarche and Low Parity as Independent Risk Factors for Gynecologic Cancers in Japanese: A Case-Control Study

Fujita, Megumi; Tase, Toru; Kakugawa, Yoichiro; Hoshi, Shigeko; Nishino, Yoshikazu; Nagase, Satoru; Itō, Kiyoshi; Niikura, Hitoshi; Yaegashi, Nobuo; Minami, Yuko

doi:10.1620/tjem.216.297

Cited by 45 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…[22][23][24] The presence of cervical cancer in a first degree relative increases the risk 1.5-2.3 times 8 and the risk increases up to 4.8 times in twins. 8,24 In our study, 4.6% of the women (Table 2), and in the study by Twinn et al 46.0% of women stated that "multiple births" increased the risk of cervical cancer.…”

Section: Level Of Knowledgesupporting

confidence: 56%

“…4 Many factors have been proposed as causes of cervical cancer including early onset of sexual activity or early marriage, multiple sexual partners, unprotected sexual intercourse, a high-risk sexual partner, smoking, history of sexually transmitted diseases, prolonged use of oral contraceptives, high parity, family history and low socio-economic status. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Cancer control aims at reducing the burden and suffering from cancer, to prevent exposure to risk factors, and to enable early detection, effective treatment and relief from symptoms and pain in incurable advanced cases.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Women’s Knowledge and Behavior on Cervical Cancer, in Kayseri, Turkey

Şenol¹,

Balcı²,

Çetinkaya³

et al. 2012

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T OOb bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : Cervical cancer, the second leading cause of death in women worldwide, can be prevented by education, routine screening and HPV immunization. This study was aimed to determine the level of knowledge and behavior of married women over 18 years regarding cervical cancer in the city of Kayseri, Turkey. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : In this cross-sectional study performed in 2009 in the province of Kayseri, a questionnaire was filled out for 1000 married women over 18 with face-to-face interview. Women were asked a series of questions that evaluated their knowledge about cervical cancer, its risk factors, early signs and symptoms and whether they had undergone a Pap smear test within the last three years. Questions and correct answers were developed in accordance with the relevant literature. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : The mean age, age at first marriage, and parity were 35.40±12.77, 19.15±3.41, 2.57±1.86, respectively. The age of first sexual experience was the same as the age at first marriage and the rate of marriage before 20 years of age was 61%. The most prominent source of information was the media (63.4%). Smoking (13.3%) and having multiple sexual partners (13.0%) were the most well-known risk factors. Fifteen point four percent of women stated that early detection of cervical cancer was possible, and 15.0% stated that women at risk should have a Pap smear test at least once a year. Although 12.3% indicated that the Pap smear was the best diagnostic method, only 7.2% thought that this should be repeated every year. Eleven percent knew there was a vaccine for cervical cancer and 9.0% indicated that condom use was a protective measure. Only 16.1% of women stated that their knowledge about cervical cancer was sufficient, and the rate of women who underwent a Pap smear test within the last three years was 23.0%. While the level of knowledge was closely associated with age, occupational status, family income and educational background, having a Pap smear within the last three years was only associated with age and family income. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : There is a serious lack of knowledge and behaviour among married women regarding cervical cancer, risk factors and protective measures. Therefore, there is an urgent need for educational programs to enhance the level of awareness and motivation, and to enable routine screenings. K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Uterine cervical neoplasms; knowledge; behavior; women Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Dünyada kadınlarda ikinci en sık ölüm nedeni olan serviks kanseri, eğitim, sistematik tarama ve HPV aşılaması ile önlenebilir. Bu çalışmada, 18 yaşın üzerindeki evli kadınların serviks kanseri hakkındaki bilgi ve davranış düzeyinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : 2009 yılında Kayseri il merkezinde yapılan bu kesitsel çalışmada, 18 yaş üzerindeki 1000 evli kadına yüz-yüze anket uygulandı. Kadınlara serviks kanseri, erken bulguları, risk faktör...

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Section: Level Of Knowledgesupporting

confidence: 56%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Women’s Knowledge and Behavior on Cervical Cancer, in Kayseri, Turkey

Şenol¹,

Balcı²,

Çetinkaya³

et al. 2012

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies carried out elsewhere (9), as well as a few case-control studies in Japan (8,20,23,25) have reported similar inverse associations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…These associations may differ across populations and ethnic groups, and could partially explain differences in incidence rates across countries. Risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer among Japanese women have been examined in one prospective cohort study (14)(15)(16) besides ours (17), and in several case-control studies (8,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), with inconsistent results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer in Japan - results from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study cohort

Weiderpass

Sandin

Inoue³

et al. 2011

Int J Oncol

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Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for invasive primary epithelial ovarian cancer among Japanese women. In 1990,748 women aged 40-69 years were enrolled in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study cohort. Only 86 epithelial ovarian cancer cases were diagnosed during follow-up through 2008, reflecting the low ovarian cancer incidence rates in Japan. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) according to the exposure of interest. The median age at epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosis was 59 years, with a median follow-up before diagnosis of 7.6 years. There were no statistically significant associations for age at menarche or first birth, breastfeeding, use of exogenous hormones, menopausal status at cohort enrollment, height, body mass index, smoking status, second-hand smoke, alcohol consumption, physical activity and family history of cancer in a first-degree relative. The linear decrease in HR associated with each additional birth was 0.75 (95% CI 0.56-0.99). Among women who usually slept >7 h per day, an HR of 0.4 (95% CI 0.2-0.9) emerged compared to those who slept <6 h. This study did not confirm risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer among Japanese women that have been reported in studies carried out elsewhere. Usual sleep duration of >7 h per day was inversely associated with epithelial ovarian cancer risk, which is a novel finding that needs to be confirmed in other studies.

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“…The procedure used in this survey has already been described previously (Minami and Tateno 2003;Fujita et al 2008;Kawai et al 2012Kawai et al , 2013Nishino et al 2014). The purpose of the survey was explained on the cover page of the questionnaire.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Consumption and Breast Cancer Risk According to Hormone Receptor Status in Japanese Women: A Case-Control Study

Takizawa

Kawai

Kakugawa

et al. 2018

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for breast cancer in Western countries, but few studies have evaluated the risk for Japanese women, who have a relatively low alcohol intake. This case-control study investigated the association of alcohol consumption with breast cancer risk according to estrogen-receptor and progesterone-receptor (ER/PgR) status in Japanese women. From female patients aged 30 years and over admitted to a single hospital in Japan between 1997 and 2011, 1,256 breast cancer cases (669 ER+/ PgR+, 162 ER+/PgR−, 21 ER−/PgR+, 305 ER−/PgR−, and 99 missing) and 2,933 controls were selected. Alcohol-related measures were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed. Alcohol-related measures were not associated with breast cancer risk among the women overall. Moreover, no association was observed between ever drinking and the risk of a concordant receptor subtype (ER+/PgR+ or ER−/PgR−). Conversely, ever drinking was inversely associated with the risk of discordant subtype (ER+/PgR−, odds ratio (OR) = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.41-0.95; ER−/PgR+, OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.14-1.42). For ER+/PgR−, an inverse association with the amount of alcohol consumed per day was observed (P for trend = 0.04), and this inverse association was limited to premenopausal women. Alcohol consumption may have differential effects on concordant and discordant receptor subtypes of breast cancer. In view of the low frequency of discordant subtype in Japanese women and their relatively low alcohol intake, our findings may provide a clue for elucidating the etiology of breast cancer rather than for preventing discordant subtype.

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Smoking, Earlier Menarche and Low Parity as Independent Risk Factors for Gynecologic Cancers in Japanese: A Case-Control Study

Cited by 45 publications

References 37 publications

Women’s Knowledge and Behavior on Cervical Cancer, in Kayseri, Turkey

Women’s Knowledge and Behavior on Cervical Cancer, in Kayseri, Turkey

Risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer in Japan - results from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study cohort

Alcohol Consumption and Breast Cancer Risk According to Hormone Receptor Status in Japanese Women: A Case-Control Study

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