Smoking Effects in Foot and Ankle Surgery: An Evidence-Based Review

Beahrs, Taylor; Reagan, James T.; Bettin, Clayton C.; Grear, Benjamin J.; Murphy, G. Andrew; Richardson, David R.

doi:10.1177/1071100719867942

Cited by 47 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, Matsuoka K believed that the length of time to quit smoking before surgery had no relationship with the frequency of PCCs, even if smoking restarted within two weeks before surgery. Related studies also found that LSHS before surgery was more correlated with postoperative complications of foot and ankle surgery, adult spinal deformity surgery, and head and neck microvascular reconstruction surgery than those who had never smoked [23,24,43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Prognostic Factors of Complications After Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-A Retrospective Study

Wang

Xia

Yin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, safe and minimally invasive, is the first strategy recommended for non-small cell lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for postoperative cardiopulmonary complications (including cardiac and pulmonary complications) in patients with NSCLC who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).Methods: We retrospectively collected information of 3142 lung cancer patients undergoing VATS tumor resection at Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital from January 2017 to June 2018, and established a clinical prediction model using the factors selected by univariate analysis.Results: A total of 305 in 3142 patients developed postoperative cardiopulmonary complications. In univariate analysis, age, PNI, CCI, long-term smoking history before surgery, conversion to thoracotomy, albumin before surgery, pre-albumin, Δalbumin and pleura adhesion were all associated with cardiac and pulmonary complications. Multivariate analysis showed that age, PNI, CCI, long-term smoking history before surgery, conversion to thoracotomy, pre-albumin, Δalbumin were important independent risk factors for complications. Finally, age, PNI, CCI, long-term smoking history before surgery, conversion to thoracotomy, Δalbumin variables were included in the model (AUC=0.743).Conclusion: Nutritional status (PNI, pre-albumin), CCI, age, long-term smoking history before surgery, conversion to thoracotomy were all independent risk factors for postoperative complications and poor prognosis. Experienced surgeons should instruct the operation of high-risk patients to avoid long-term hospitalization and possible poor prognosis after surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Prognostic Factors of Complications After Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-A Retrospective Study

Wang

Xia

Yin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…It is well-known that smoking is related to the increase of risk of several diseases, including the impairment of skin wound healing, with studies proving that cigarette compounds like tobacco, nicotine, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen cyanide affect the mechanisms of healing [ 48 ]. Hypoxia is one of the major mechanisms for smoking-related impairment of wound healing, decreasing the proliferation of erythrocytes, oxygenation, blood flow, and angiogenesis in wounded tissue [ 34 ].…”

Section: Factors That Affect the Wound Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Wound Healing: An Update from Physiopathology to Current Therapies

Gushiken

Beserra

Bastos

et al. 2021

Life

139

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The skin is the biggest organ of human body which acts as a protective barrier against deleterious agents. When this barrier is damaged, the organism promotes the healing process with several molecular and cellular mechanisms, in order to restore the physiological structure of the skin. The physiological control of wound healing depends on the correct balance among its different mechanisms. Any disruption in the balance of these mechanisms can lead to problems and delay in wound healing. The impairment of wound healing is linked to underlying factors as well as aging, nutrition, hypoxia, stress, infections, drugs, genetics, and chronic diseases. Over the years, numerous studies have been conducted to discover the correct approach and best therapies for wound healing, including surgical procedures and non-surgical treatments such as topical formulations, dressings, or skin substitutes. Thus, this general approach is necessary to facilitate the direction of further studies. This work provides updated concepts of physiological mechanisms, the factors that can interfere, and updated treatments used in skin wound healing.

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“…9,18 Smoking is also a relative contraindication to surgery and is associated with increased wound complications, delayed union following osteotomy and poorer patient-reported outcomes. [19][20][21] Smoking cessation should be strongly encouraged.…”

Section: Operative Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bunions: A review of management

Aebischer

Duff

2020

Aust J Gen Pract

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Background Bunions are a common complaint, particularly among older female patients. They are characterised by progressive deformity at the metatarsophalangeal joint, resulting in a painful dorsomedial prominence. This may cause difficulties with shoe wear and contribute to falls in the elderly. Objective The aim of this article is to discuss the aetiology, non-operative and operative management of bunions, as well as indications for referral. Discussion Initial treatment of symptomatic bunions should be non-operative. Accommodative footwear is important. There is evidence supporting the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, orthotics, splints/ braces and toe spacers. However, these may not provide long-term relief, and referral to an orthopaedic surgeon is recommended if the patient has a painful prominence, has exhausted non-operative treatment and is a suitable operative candidate. Cosmesis alone is not an indication for operative management. Smoking is a relative contraindication to surgery, and cessation is recommended. In paediatric or adolescent patients (juvenile bunion), surgery should be delayed until skeletal maturity.

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Smoking Effects in Foot and Ankle Surgery: An Evidence-Based Review

Cited by 47 publications

References 52 publications

Prognostic Factors of Complications After Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-A Retrospective Study

Prognostic Factors of Complications After Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-A Retrospective Study

Cutaneous Wound Healing: An Update from Physiopathology to Current Therapies

Bunions: A review of management

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