Smoking is associated with schizophrenia, but not with mood disorders, within a population with low smoking rates: A matched case–control study in Bucaramanga, Colombia

Campo‐Arias, Adalberto; Díaz‐Martínez, Luis Alfonso; Rueda-Jaimes, Germán Eduardo; Rueda-Sánchez, Mauricio; Farelo-Palacín, Daniel; Díaz, Francisco Javier Rodríguez; Leon, José de

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.01.001

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Bearing that in mind, the prevalence of cigarette smoking in the present sample was as high as that found in samples of severely mentally ill people in developed countries, 4,7,8,11,18,20 and higher than that found in two studies in developing countries. 3,19 The prevalence of cigarette smoking found in the present sample was much higher than that seen in the Brazilian general population. In a recent survey of the general Brazilian population in 15 capitals and the Federal District, the estimated prevalence of current cigarette smoking in São Paulo was 20% among people aged 15 and older.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…Male subjects, those separated and with larger number of previous psychiatric admissions were more likely to be current smokers corroborating the study fi ndings in developed and developing countries. 3,11,18 No other sociodemographic or clinical features of subjects was associated with cigarette smoking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…15 Data on prevalence of cigarette smoking among people with severe mental illnesses are scarce in low and middle income countries. A recent study 3 carried out in Colombia also found higher prevalence of cigarette smoking among individuals with schizophrenia, even though the general population had low smoking prevalence. On the other hand, a study carried out in India 19 found that the prevalence of current smoking among those with diagnosis of schizophrenia was very similar to that of the general population.…”

Section: Descritores: Pessoas Mentalmente Doentes Diagnóstico Duplo mentioning

confidence: 87%

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Prevalence of tobacco use in individuals with severe mental illnesses, São Paulo, Brazil

2007

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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of cigarette smoking in individuals with severe mental illnesses in a large urban centre of a middle income country. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out in São Paulo. The sample (N=192) comprised individuals diagnosed with severe mental illnesses who had contact with public psychiatric care services from September to November 1997 and were aged between 18 and 65 years. Prevalence of daily tobacco smoking in the 12 months previous to the interview and characteristics associated were studied. RESULTS: Out of 192 subjects with severe mental illnesses interviewed, 115 (59.9%; 95% CI: 52.6%; 66.9%) reported smoking cigarettes on a daily basis. Male gender, marital status separated or widowed, irregular use of neuroleptic drugs and history of ten or more psychiatric admissions were independently associated with cigarette smoking. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of cigarette smoking in the present sample was higher than that found in the general Brazilian population. Mental care services should implement non-smoking policies and mental health providers need to help patients with severe mental illness who want to quit smoking.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Descritores: Pessoas Mentalmente Doentes Diagnóstico Duplo mentioning

confidence: 87%

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Prevalence of tobacco use in individuals with severe mental illnesses, São Paulo, Brazil

2007

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“…There is a significantly higher incidence of cigarette smoking among individuals with schizophrenia relative to the general population or in individuals with other psychiatric disorders (Lohr and Flynn, 1992;De Leon et al, 1995;Campo-Arias et al, 2006). Smoking behavior in schizophrenia is also reported to be independent of antipsychotic treatment and frequently observed prior to the initiation of antipsychotic therapies (De Leon et al, 2002).…”

Section: Role Of Nicotinic Receptor Subtypes In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscarinic and Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists and Allosteric Modulators for the Treatment of Schizophrenia

Jones

Byun

Bubser

2011

Neuropsychopharmacol

186

139

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Muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (mAChRs and nAChRs) are emerging as important targets for the development of novel treatments for the symptoms associated with schizophrenia. Preclinical and early proof-of-concept clinical studies have provided strong evidence that activators of specific mAChR (M 1 and M 4 ) and nAChR (a 7 and a 2 b 4 ) subtypes are effective in animal models of antipsychotic-like activity and/or cognitive enhancement, and in the treatment of positive and cognitive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. While early attempts to develop selective mAChR and nAChR agonists provided important preliminary findings, these compounds have ultimately failed in clinical development due to a lack of true subtype selectivity and subsequent dose-limiting adverse effects. In recent years, there have been major advances in the discovery of highly selective activators for the different mAChR and nAChR subtypes with suitable properties for optimization as potential candidates for clinical trials. One novel strategy has been to identify ligands that activate a specific receptor subtype through actions at sites that are distinct from the highly conserved ACh-binding site, termed allosteric sites. These allosteric activators, both allosteric agonists and positive allosteric modulators, of mAChR and nAChR subtypes demonstrate unique mechanisms of action and high selectivity in vivo, and may provide innovative treatment strategies for schizophrenia.

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“…46 Bipolar disorder may be associated with smoking, 47 but the relationship is not as strong as with schizophrenia. 21,48 Bipolar disorder is associated with abuse of alcohol and illegal drugs. 49 In a US epidemiological study in the 1980s, the OR of bipolar disorder was 5.1 for alcohol use disorder and 8.3 for drug use disorder.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking is associated with schizophrenia, but not with mood disorders, within a population with low smoking rates: A matched case–control study in Bucaramanga, Colombia

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence of tobacco use in individuals with severe mental illnesses, São Paulo, Brazil

Prevalence of tobacco use in individuals with severe mental illnesses, São Paulo, Brazil

Muscarinic and Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists and Allosteric Modulators for the Treatment of Schizophrenia

Beyond the "Hype" on the Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Atypical Antipsychotics

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