Smoldering multiple myeloma 40 years later: a story of unintended disease

Yavorkovsky, Leonid L.

doi:10.1080/17474086.2021.1875815

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The outcomes of interest were (1) PFS; (2) OS; patients with any grade and, in another analysis, grade ≥ 3 of (3) anemia; (4) febrile neutropenia; (5)…”

Section: Endpoints and Subgroup Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplasm characterized by the clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow (BM) [1][2][3][4]. The onset of MM occurs with the asymptomatic pre-malignant proliferation of PCs, which comprises monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering myeloma (SMM) [5][6][7][8][9]. MGUS comprises patients with serum M-protein levels (<3 g/dL) and monoclonal PC in the BM (<10%), while patients with serum M-protein levels (≥3 g/dL) and/or PC in the BM (≥10%) are classified as MM [7,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Efficacy and Safety of Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibodies in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Moraes,

Sano,

Lôbo

et al. 2024

JPM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The benefit of associating anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies to proteasome inhibitor (PI)/immunomodulatory agent (IA) and dexamethasone in the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM) remains unclear. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for randomized controlled trials that investigated the addition of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies to a therapy composed of PI/IA and dexamethasone versus PI/IA and dexamethasone alone for treating relapsed or refractory MM. Hazard ratios (HRs) or risk ratios (RRs) were computed for binary endpoints, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Six studies comprising 2191 patients were included. Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody significantly improved progression-free survival (HR 0.52; 95% CI 0.43–0.61; p < 0.001) and overall survival (HR 0.72; 95% CI 0.63–0.83; p < 0.001). There was a significant increase in hematological adverse events, such as neutropenia (RR 1.41; 95% CI 1.26–1.58; p < 0.01) and thrombocytopenia (RR 1.14; 95% CI 1.02–1.27; p = 0.02), in the group treated with anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody. Also, there was a significant increase in non-hematological adverse events, such as dyspnea (RR 1.72; 95% CI 1.38–2.13; p < 0.01) and pneumonia (RR 1.34; 95% CI 1.13–1.59; p < 0.01), in the group treated with anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody. In conclusion, the incorporation of an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody demonstrated a promising prospect for reshaping the established MM treatment paradigms.

show abstract

“…The outcomes of interest were (1) PFS; (2) OS; patients with any grade and, in another analysis, grade ≥ 3 of (3) anemia; (4) febrile neutropenia; (5)…”

Section: Endpoints and Subgroup Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibodies in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Moraes,

Sano,

Lôbo

et al. 2024

JPM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The risk of progression from MGUS to MM has been estimated at about 1% per year [9]. Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), a second asymptomatic phase, has also been described, although its significance relative to MM has been a matter of continuing controversy [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma: Current Status as Prologue to the Future

Abramson

2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The landscape of therapeutic measures to treat multiple myeloma has undergone a seismic shift since the dawn of the current century. This has been driven largely by the introduction of new classes of small molecules, such as proteasome blockers (e.g., bortezomib) and immunomodulators (e.g., lenalidomide), as well as by immunotherapeutic agents starting with the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab in 2015. Recently, other immunotherapies have been added to the armamentarium of drugs available to fight this malignancy. These include the bispecifics teclistamab, talquetamab, and elranatamab, and the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell products idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) and ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel). While the accumulated benefits of these newer agents have resulted in a more than doubling of the disease’s five-year survival rate to nearly 60% and improved quality of life, the disease remains incurable, as patients become refractory to the drugs and experience relapse. This review covers the current scope of antimyeloma immunotherapeutic agents, both those in clinical use and in development. Included in the discussion are additional monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), bi- and multitargeted mAbs, and CAR T-cells and emerging natural killer (NK) cells, including products intended for “off-the-shelf” (allogeneic) applications. Emphasis is placed on the benefits of each along with the challenges that need to be surmounted if MM is to be cured.

show abstract

“… 4 A second asymptomatic phase, smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), intermediate between MGUS and MM, also has been described. 5 , 6 Current guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of MM have been issued by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). 7 While the cause of MM remains unknown, cytogenetic anomalies are known to play a role in some MM patients classified as “high risk”.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma: Promise and Challenges

Abramson

2021

ITT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Whereas the treatment of MM was dependent solely on alkylating agents and corticosteroids during the prior three decades, the landscape of therapeutic measures to treat the disease began to expand enormously early in the current century. The introduction of new classes of small-molecule drugs, such as proteasome blockers (bortezomib and carfilzomib), immunomodulators (lenalidomide and pomalidomide), nuclear export inhibitors (selinexor), and histone deacetylase blockers (panobinostat), as well as the application of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), resulted in a seismic shift in how the disease is treated. The picture changed dramatically once again starting with the 2015 FDA approval of two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) – the anti-CD38 daratumumab and the anti-SLAMF7 elotuzumab. Daratumumab, in particular, has had a great impact on MM therapy and today is often included in various regimens to treat the disease, both in newly diagnosed cases and in the relapse/refractory setting. Recently, other immunotherapies have been added to the arsenal of drugs available to fight this malignancy. These include isatuximab (also anti-CD38) and, in the past year, the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) belantamab mafodotin and the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell product idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel). While the accumulated benefits of these newer agents have resulted in a doubling of the disease’s five-year survival rate to more than 5 years and improved quality of life, the disease remains incurable. Almost without exception patients experience relapse and/or become refractory to the drugs used, making the search for innovative therapies all the more essential. This review covers the current scope of anti-myeloma immunotherapeutic agents, both those in clinical use and on the horizon, including naked mAbs, ADCs, bi- and multi-targeted mAbs, and CAR T-cells. Emphasis is placed on the benefits of each along with the challenges that need to be overcome if MM is to be considered curable in the future.

show abstract

Smoldering multiple myeloma 40 years later: a story of unintended disease

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Efficacy and Safety of Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibodies in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Efficacy and Safety of Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibodies in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma: Current Status as Prologue to the Future

Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma: Promise and Challenges

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About