Snake Scale-Inspired Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Ti₃CNT_x@Polypyrrole Coatings for Ultrawide-Bandwidth Microwave and Visible Light Absorption

Abstract

The accuracy of data collected by optical instruments can be greatly impacted by radar band electromagnetic waves (EM) and scattered visible light. Traditional electromagnetic-wave-absorbing (EMA) materials face challenges in effectively attenuating electromagnetic waves within the visible light spectrum. To address this issue, a structural engineering-based assembly strategy was developed to construct PVDF/Ti 3 CNT x @PPyNF composites with multiple heterogeneous interfaces, inspired by snake scales. And through the self-doping of N elements and the coating process, the material finally exhibits excellent microwave and visible light absorption properties. This approach generates multiple polarization losses of electromagnetic waves, enabling the material to exhibit excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance. Specifically, the PVDF/Ti 3 CNT x @PPyNF composite, containing 5 wt % Ti 3 CNT x @PPyNFs, demonstrates exceptional microwave absorption performance, with a minimum reflection loss of −65.5 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of up to 6.95 GHz. Additionally, the composite coating exhibits 97.4% visible light absorption performance, providing a promising solution to the challenges of protecting against complex electromagnetic environments.

Comparative Effects of Hydrazine and Thermal Reduction Methods on Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Characteristics in Foamed Titanium Carbonitride MXene Films

“…[24] Distinct from the classical carbide MXene, Ti 3 CNT x presents enhanced charge storage capacity and more polarization centers due to its higher intrinsic defect den-sity, albeit moderate, and the inclusion of highly electronegative nitrogen. [25,26] It may also manifest localized magnetic moments that adjust the impedance matching and activate the magnetic loss mechanism. [27] Therefore, it holds the promise to enable a remarkable synergistic contribution of dielectric loss and magnetic loss.…”

“…In this regard, some potential has been unlocked for its electromagnetic wave absorption capability. [25][26][27][28][29] Notably, when incorporated into various polymer matrices, Ti 3 CNT x MXene shows stronger interfacial interactions and improved compatibility owing to its abundant surface terminations with additional -NH groups, thereby resulting in efficient dielectric modulation, especially at low-weight fractions. [30] Furthermore, distinct advantages are evident in its sample preparation, treatability, and mechanical response.…”