Snake, Scorpion Venom and Envenomation: A Review

Tilmisany, A.K.; Osman, O.H.

doi:10.4197/med.3-1.2

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This family comprises Echis carinatus, Echis coloratus, Cerastes cerastes, Pseudocerastes and Bitis arietans. 1 The viperidae occur in Africa and Eurasia. Echis coloratus occurs in northeast Africa and Arabia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation and purification of Echis coloratus venom and some biological and biochemical effects of the proteins

Al-Saleh

Ghneim

Haddad

et al. 2002

Cell Biochemistry & Function

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Crude venom of Echis coloratus was separated into seven protein fractions using 7% preparative native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The effect of crude venom and seven venom protein fractions (F1-F7) from Echis coloratus on key metabolic activities of fibroblast cultures was investigated. Confluent cultures were incubated with the venom proteins for 3 h at 37 degrees C. The specific activity of phosphofructokinase, was significantly lowered upon incubation with the crude venom and with fractions 2, 3, 4 and 6. Citrate synthase activity was significantly lowered by the crude venom and by fractions 2 and 3. Glycogen phosphorylase activity was significantly increased by the crude venom and by fractions 2, 3, 4 and 6 leading to a significant concurrent drop in glycogen content. Creatine kinase activity was significantly increased by the crude venom and by fractions 3, 4, 5 and 6. Cellular ATP levels rose significantly upon incubation with the crude venom and with fractions 3, 4, 5 and 6. Incubation of cell sonicates with all the venom proteins did not significantly alter the activity or content of any of the studied parameters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation and purification of Echis coloratus venom and some biological and biochemical effects of the proteins

Al-Saleh

Ghneim

Haddad

et al. 2002

Cell Biochemistry & Function

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“…(see Table 5) (see table 6) Neurotoxic proteins can be isolated from various snake venoms. These proteins can potentially be a mix of neurotoxins ,which attack the nervous system; hemototoxins, which attack the circulatory system; plus cytotoxins, bungarotoxins and many other toxins that affect the body in different ways [6,29,49,60,61,82,83,84,85]. Almost all snake venom contains hyaluronidase, an enzyme that ensures rapid diffusion of the venom into the body of the bite-victim [82,84].…”

Section: Clinical Symptoms Induced By Bacterial Superantigenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hemototoxins induce the development of severe microcirculatory injury, damage to vascular membranes, thrombosis or bleeding. [6,82,84].…”

Section: Clinical Symptoms Induced By Bacterial Superantigenementioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Toxins - Effects of Radiation Toxicity, Molecular Mechanisms of Action, Radiomimetic Properties and Possible Countermeasures for Radiation Injury

Popov¹,

Jones²,

Maliev³

2012

Current Topics in Ionizing Radiation Research

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“…[1,2] Echis coloratus is found in north-east Africa and throughout Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, it is found in the north and east of the central region and is spread on a large scale in mountainous areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Echis coloratus venom on biochemical and molecular markers of the antioxidant capacity in human fibroblasts

Ghneim

2017

Libyan Journal of Medicine

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This study was undertaken to examine the activities and levels of major antioxidants/oxidants in cultured human fibroblasts incubated with a sublethal dose of Echis coloratus venom (EcV).Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities and gene expression levels as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and the concurrent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions (SOA), lipid peroxides (LPO) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) generation rates were assayed in fibroblast cultures and sonicates incubated with 0.5 µg ml–1 medium EcV for 4 h at 37°C.Data indicated that the activities of all antioxidant enzymes were significantly decreased and their corresponding transcripts downregulated in EcV-incubated cells compared to controls (p < 0.001). In contrast, there were parallel equally significant increases in H2O2, SOA and LPO generation rates in venom-incubated cells compared to controls (p < 0.001). Additionally, GSH levels were significantly decreased and those of GSSG were equally significantly increased in venom-incubated cultures compared to controls (p < 0.001) leading to a lowered GSH/GSSG ratio.In conclusion, incubation of fibroblast cultures with EcV resulted in a shift towards oxidative metabolism causing severe OS. This correlated with significant downregulation in the expression levels of all investigated antioxidant genes.

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Snake, Scorpion Venom and Envenomation: A Review

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Separation and purification of Echis coloratus venom and some biological and biochemical effects of the proteins

Separation and purification of Echis coloratus venom and some biological and biochemical effects of the proteins

Radiation Toxins - Effects of Radiation Toxicity, Molecular Mechanisms of Action, Radiomimetic Properties and Possible Countermeasures for Radiation Injury

The effect of Echis coloratus venom on biochemical and molecular markers of the antioxidant capacity in human fibroblasts

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