Snake Venom Proteinases as Toxins and Tools

Suvilesh, Kanve Nagaraj; Urs, Ankanahalli N. Nanjaraj; Savitha, M. N.; Gowda, Mallanayakanakatte D. Milan; Vishwanath, Bannikuppe S.

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2513-6_23

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The M domain has a conserved zinc-binding sequence (HEXXHXXGXXH) followed by a conserved “Methionine-turn” motif ( Da Silva et al, 2012 ; Herrera et al, 2015 ). P–I members have the ability to degrade basement membrane components, which corresponds to their proteolytic, hemorrhagic and edema forming activities ( Preciado et al, 2019 ; Suvilesh et al, 2017 ). However, as P–I SVMPs only have the M domain, studies demonstrated that they have a diffuse localization in the extracellular matrix, and consequently a less toxic effect than P-II or P-III SVMPs ( Suvilesh et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Snake Venom Metalloproteinases (Svmps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Snake Venom Metalloproteinases (SVMPs): A structure-function update

et al. 2020

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Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) represent a diverse group of multi-domain proteins with several biological activities such as the ability to induce hemorrhage, proteolytic degradation of fibrinogen and fibrin, induction of apoptosis and inhibition of platelet aggregation. Due to these activities, SVMPs are responsible for many of the well-known pathological phenotypes in snake envenomations caused particularly by species from the Viperidae family and the Crotalinae subfamily. These proteins have been classified based on their size and domain structure into P–I, P-II and P-III classes. Comparatively, members of the P–I SVMPs possess the simplest structures, formed by the catalytic metalloproteinase domain only; the P-II SVMPs are moderately more complex, having the canonical disintegrin domain in addition to the metalloproteinase domain; members of the P-III class are more structurally varied, comprising the metalloproteinase, disintegrin-like, and cysteine-rich domains. Proteolytic cleavage, repeated domain loss and presence of other ancillary domains are responsible for structural diversities in the P-III class. However, studies continue to unveil the relationship between the structure and function of these proteins. In this review, we recovered evidences from literature on the structural peculiarities and functional classification of Snake Venom Metalloproteinases. In addition, we reflect on diversities that exist among each class while taking into account specific and up-to-date class-based activities.

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