Sniff-invariant intensity perception using olfactory bulb coding of inhalation dynamics

Jordan, Rebecca; Kollo, Mihaly; Schaefer, Andreas T.

doi:10.1101/226969

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…To analyze whether sniffing changed across learning within the short 500 ms time window of the odor stimulus, we measured nasal flow using an external sensor and quantified the mean inhalation duration (MID) of all inhalations completed within this time window ( Figure 3 A). We chose MID because external measurement of sniffing does not give reliable data about sniff amplitudes (the naris can move relative to the sensor) and because MID correlates with sniff frequency and inhalation slope on a sniff-by-sniff basis—thus, changes in MID also reflect changes in these parameters ( Jordan et al., 2017 ). We again compared five early and five late trials to quantify the change in MID across learning (ΔMID).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Sampling State Dynamically Enhances Olfactory Bulb Odor Representation

Jordan

Fukunaga

Kollo

et al. 2018

Neuron

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SummaryThe olfactory bulb (OB) is the first site of synaptic odor information processing, yet a wealth of contextual and learned information has been described in its activity. To investigate the mechanistic basis of contextual modulation, we use whole-cell recordings to measure odor responses across rapid learning episodes in identified mitral/tufted cells (MTCs). Across these learning episodes, diverse response changes occur already during the first sniff cycle. Motivated mice develop active sniffing strategies across learning that robustly correspond to the odor response changes, resulting in enhanced odor representation. Evoking fast sniffing in different behavioral states demonstrates that response changes during active sampling exceed those predicted from feedforward input alone. Finally, response changes are highly correlated in tufted cells, but not mitral cells, indicating there are cell-type-specific effects on odor representation during active sampling. Altogether, we show that active sampling is strongly associated with enhanced OB responsiveness on rapid timescales.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Sampling State Dynamically Enhances Olfactory Bulb Odor Representation

Jordan

Fukunaga

Kollo

et al. 2018

Neuron

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“…We therefore identified a set of parameters, including five physiological parameters and one morphological parameter, which could reliably predict the cell clusters in recorded cell pairs, despite the physiological variability of some classes. The physiological parameters were chosen to be reliably attainable during well-controlled in vivo experiments as previously shown ( Fukunaga et al, 2012 ; Kollo et al, 2014 ; Jordan et al, 2017 ). We have further included parameters that are less sensitive to series resistance changes occurring during long-duration and in vivo recordings, such as the AHP shape ( Kollo et al, 2014 ) and the AP speed ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Association of Anatomical and Functional Classes of Olfactory Bulb Neurons

et al. 2018

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Juxtaglomerular cells (JGCs) of the olfactory bulb (OB) glomerular layer (GL) play a fundamental role in olfactory information processing. Their variability in morphology, physiology, and connectivity suggests distinct functions. The quantitative understanding of population-wise morphological and physiological properties and a comprehensive classification based on quantitative parameters, however, is still lacking, impeding the analysis of microcircuits. Here, we provide multivariate clustering of 95 in vitro sampled cells from the GL of the mouse (male or female C57BL/6) OB and perform detailed morphological and physiological characterization for the seven computed JGC types. Using a classifier based on a subselection of parameters, we identified the neuron types in paired recordings to characterize their functional connectivity. We found that 4 of the 7 clusters comply with prevailing concepts of GL cell types, whereas the other 3 represent own distinct entities. We have labeled these entities horizontal superficial tufted cell (hSTC), vertical superficial tufted cell, and microglomerular cell (MGC): The hSTC is a tufted cell with a lateral dendrite that much like mitral cells and tufted cells receives excitatory inputs from the external tufted cell but likewise serves as an excitatory element for glomerular interneurons. The vertical superficial tufted cell, on the other hand, represents a tufted cell type with vertically projecting basal dendrites. We further define the MGC, characterized by a small dendritic tree and plateau action potentials. In addition to olfactory nerve-driven and external tufted cell driven interneurons, these MGCs represent a third functionally distinct type, the hSTC-driven interneurons. The presented correlative analysis helps to bridge the gap between branching patterns and cellular functional properties, permitting the integration of results from in vivo recordings, advanced morphological tools, and connectomics.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The variance of neuron properties is a feature across mammalian cerebral circuits, contributing to signal processing and adding computational robustness to the networks. It is particularly noticeable in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, the first site of olfactory information processing. We provide the first unbiased population-wise multivariate analysis to correlate morphological and physiological parameters of juxtaglomerular cells. We identify seven cell types, including four previously described neuron types, and identify further three distinct classes. The presented correlative analysis of morphological and physiological parameters gives an opportunity to predict morphological classes from physiological measurements or the functional properties of neurons from morphology and opens the way to integrate results from in vivo recordings, advanced morphological tools, and connectomics.

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“…Die Zilien dieser Riechzellen sollen als Geschwindigkeitssensor fungieren. Deren Afferenzen können im Bulbus olfactorius olfaktorisch aktivierte Mitralzellen modulieren und so zu einer chemosensorischen Intensitätskonstanz führen [14]. [31].…”

Section: Ergebnisseunclassified

Die aktive Butanol-Wahrnehmungsschwelle bleibt bei körperlicher Belastung gleich

Gudziol¹,

Winkler²,

Guntinas‐Lichius³

et al. 2020

Laryngorhinootologie

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Zusamenfassung Hintergrund Die aktive Butanol-Wahrnehmungsschwelle (B-WS), ermittelt mithilfe der Sniffin’ Sticks, zeigt eine hohe intra- und interindividuelle Test-Retest-Reliabilität, obwohl die interne Reizkonzentration erheblich variieren kann, abhängig von der Verdünnung der externen Reizkonzentration mit geruchloser Umgebungsluft beim aktiven Schnüffeln. Es gibt für dieses überraschende Ergebnis verschiedene Hypothesen. In dieser Studie soll überprüft werden, ob eine größere Atemanstrengung bei körperlicher Belastung die aktive B-WS verändert. Methodik Auf einem Fahrradergometer wurden bei 28 jungen, gesunden, normosmischen Erwachsenen in Ruhe, während aerober Belastung und in der Erholungsphase die monorhinalen B-WS standardmäßig mit dem Schwellentest ermittelt. Verschiedene Vitalparameter wie Blutdruck, Herzfrequenz, Körpertemperatur, Atemfrequenz und Blutlaktat charakterisierten die 3 Testphasen. Das individuelle Belastungsempfinden wurde entsprechend der Borg-Skala eingeschätzt. Ergebnisse Die B-WS änderten sich in den 3 Testphasen nicht. Alle untersuchten Vitalparameter hatten in der Belastungsphase signifikant größere Werte als in der Ruhephase. Bei einem mittleren bis schweren Belastungsempfinden (Borg-Skala: 13–15) ließ sich anhand der Vitalparameter eine aerobe körperliche Belastung belegen. Schlussfolgerungen Die Untersuchungen unterstützen die These, dass nicht die Atemanstrengung (Vigor) den entscheidenden Faktor für eine konstante olfaktorische Perzeption gleicher externer Reizkonzentrationen darstellt. Vermutlich spielen die Integration von interner Reizkonzentration und nasaler Flussgeschwindigkeit sowie die erfahrungsmäßige Bewertung der aktuellen Reizkonzentration eine größere Rolle.

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Sniff-invariant intensity perception using olfactory bulb coding of inhalation dynamics

Cited by 4 publications

References 56 publications

Active Sampling State Dynamically Enhances Olfactory Bulb Odor Representation

Active Sampling State Dynamically Enhances Olfactory Bulb Odor Representation

Quantitative Association of Anatomical and Functional Classes of Olfactory Bulb Neurons

Die aktive Butanol-Wahrnehmungsschwelle bleibt bei körperlicher Belastung gleich

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