SnO₂@C@VO₂ Composite Hollow Nanospheres as an Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Porous SnO@C@VO composite hollow nanospheres were ingeniously constructed through the combination of layer-by-layer deposition and redox reaction. Moreover, to optimize the electrochemical properties, SnO@C@VO composite hollow nanospheres with different contents of the external VO were also studied. On the one hand, the elastic and conductive carbon as interlayer in the SnO@C@VO composite can not only buffer the huge volume variation during repetitive cycling but also effectively improve electronic conductivity and enhance the utilizing rate of SnO and VO with high theoretical capacity. On the other hand, hollow nanostructures of the composite can be consolidated by the multilayered nanocomponents, resulting in outstanding cyclic stability. In virtue of the above synergetic contribution from individual components, SnO@C@VO composite hollow nanospheres exhibit a large initial discharge capacity (1305.6 mAhg) and outstanding cyclic stability (765.1 mAhg after 100 cycles). This design of composite hollow nanospheres may be extended to the synthesis of other nanomaterials for electrochemical energy storage.

SnO2@MoO2/Carbon Ternary Hollow Nanocomposites with Robust Shell as High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion‐Battery Anodes

“…[34,44] Nevertheless, no distinguishing peaks from the crystalline graphite phase can be observed, implying the existence of the amorphous carbon. [29,36] The sample of SnMoCHNs can be scanned by XPS, and the total spectrum in Figure 4b shows Mo3d, Sn3d, C1s, O1s and other key identi- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 fication peaks. The high-resolution XPS in Figure 4c for Sn 3p can fit two obvious peaks at 487.2 and 495.4 eV, which are indexed to Sn3d 5/2 and Sn3d 3/2 .…”

“…(1) The SnO 2 hollow inner layer can alleviate the volume expansion of anode nanomaterials during repeated cycles, leading to the enhanced cyclic stability. [40,54] (2) The conductive carbon layer can not only validly enhance the electronic conductivity of SnMoCHNs (Figure 6f), [31,35] but also relieve the pulverization and self-aggregation of SnO 2 and MoO 2 nanoparticles, [4,36] thus enhancing the utilization efficiency of SnO 2 and MoO 2 nanoparticles, rate capability and cyclic stability. (3) The high surface area of SnMoCHNs can provide sufficient active sites for intercalation/deintercalation Li reactions, resulting in the high discharge capacity ( Figure 5).…”

Core‐Shell Structure of SnO2@C/PEDOT : PSS Microspheres with Dual Protection Layers for Enhanced Lithium Storage Performance

“…Several approaches have been proposed to deal with the problems of the volume change and low electronic conduction, which improve the cycling perform of SnO 2 . One effective tactic is nanocrystallization of SnO 2 by constructing nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanosheets, nanotubes, hollow nanospheres, and nanocubes, which have been extensive investigated as anodes of LIBs . This strategy provides efficient benefits that the inner‐strain is efficiently mitigated and the charge‐diffusion route for both ions and electrons is shortened.…”

“…[15] One effective tactic is nanocrystallization of SnO 2 by constructing nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanosheets, nanotubes, hollow nanospheres, and nanocubes, which have been extensive investigated as anodes of LIBs. [16][17][18][19] This strategy provides efficient benefits that the inner-strain is efficiently mitigated and the charge-diffusion route for both ions and electrons is shortened. The integration of anode material within a carbon matrix is another approach to buffer the volume changes, together increasing the electrical conductivity and structural stability of whole electrode.…”

Scalable Synthesis of an Artificial Polydopamine Solid‐Electrolyte‐Interface‐Assisted 3D rGO/Fe3O4@PDA Hydrogel for a Highly Stable Anode with Enhanced Lithium‐Ion‐Storage Properties

“…The environmental crisis owing to the green‐house effect and environmental pollution caused by excessive utilization of fossil fuels has been threatening the sustainable development of human society . As the most promising alternative energy sources, lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are hopeful to replace traditional fossil fuels in many field .…”