Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online 2014
DOI: 10.1002/9781118445112.stat05720
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Snowball Sampling: Introduction

Abstract: Snowball sampling is a well‐known, nonprobability method of survey sample selection that is commonly used to locate hidden populations. This method relies on referrals from initially sampled respondents to other persons believed to have the characteristic of interest. Limitations of this approach include nonrandom selection procedures, correlations between network size and selection probabilities, reliance on the subjective judgments of informants, and confidentiality concerns. Advantages include cost and effi… Show more

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Cited by 263 publications
(169 citation statements)
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“…Another sampling technique that was used is the snowball sampling, which is used to locate hidden populations by referrals from initially sampled respondents who they think have the characteristic of the criteria (Johnson, 2014). It is a type of sampling where the existing study informants recruit future subjects among their acquaintances.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Another sampling technique that was used is the snowball sampling, which is used to locate hidden populations by referrals from initially sampled respondents who they think have the characteristic of the criteria (Johnson, 2014). It is a type of sampling where the existing study informants recruit future subjects among their acquaintances.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The snowball technique was applied as a sampling procedure, due to the fact that it is the most widely used sampling method in qualitative studies [43]. This non-probability method of survey sample selection is based on finding potential participants with characteristics of interest [44] for in-depth interviews with the help of other participants' recommendations. In-depth interview is a qualitative research method that facilitates access to rich data about consumers' thoughts, motivations, feelings, or preferences, and it was used in other research studies related to recycling behavior [45] and important factors for recycling behavior change [46].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As such, snowball sampling was appropriate for participant selection. Snowball sampling is a distinguished, non-probability method of survey sample selection that can locate hidden and vulnerable populations [39], and it is widely used in places where it is hard to determine the population [40]. Moreover, our social survey intentionally targets elderly park users.…”
Section: Study Participantsmentioning
confidence: 99%