snRNAs are reduced in the syncytiotrophoblast: a possible mechanism for regulation of human placental protein production

Goldman‐Wohl, Debra; Greenfield, Caryn; Eisenberg-Loebl, Iris; Skarzinski, Galina; Haimov‐Kochman, Ronit; Imbar, Tal; Ariel, Ilana

doi:10.1093/molehr/gat049

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…SnRNAs primarily function in small ribonucleoprotein complexes (snRNPs) to direct intron splicing. The only placental-snRNA study in the literature ( Goldman-Wohl et al, 2013 ) shows that the U2 and U6 snRNAs were present at reduced expression levels in synctiotrophoblast versus cytotrophoblast cells. However, upon fusion of cytotrophoblasts into the synctiotrophoblast, the expression dropped ∼3-folds.…”

Section: Sncrna Expression Impacts Placental Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Non-Coding RNAs in the Human Placenta: Regulatory Roles and Clinical Utility

Telkar

Stewart²,

Pewarchuk³

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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The placenta is a vital organ formed during pregnancy, and being the interface between the mother and fetus, it is paramount that placental functioning is strictly controlled. Gene expression in the placenta is finely tuned—with aberrant expression causing placental pathologies and inducing stress on both mother and fetus. Gene regulation is brought upon by several mechanisms, and small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have recently been appreciated for their contribution in gene repression. Their dysregulation has been implicated in a range of somatic and inherited disorders, highlighting their importance in maintaining healthy organ function. Their specific roles within the placenta, however, are not well understood, and require further exploration. To this end, we summarize the mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), and transfer RNAs (tRNAs), their known contributions to human placental health and disease, the relevance of sncRNAs as promising biomarkers throughout pregnancy, and the current challenges faced by placental sncRNA studies.

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Section: Sncrna Expression Impacts Placental Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Non-Coding RNAs in the Human Placenta: Regulatory Roles and Clinical Utility

Telkar

Stewart²,

Pewarchuk³

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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show abstract

“…Maternal blood is in direct contact with the syncytiotrophoblast, formed by fusion of cytotrophoblast cells. Syncytiotrophoblast perform a myriad of functions, yet many of the nuclei are transcriptionally inactive, or senescent . Maternal blood entering through the basal plate is contained within the syncytiotrophoblast.…”

Section: Part I Placental Defense Against Infection and Vulnerabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defense and infection of the human placenta

Heerema-McKenney

2018

APMIS

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The placenta functions as a shield against infection of the fetus. The innate and adaptive immune defenses of the developing fetus are poorly equipped to fight infections. Infection by bacteria, viruses, and protozoa may cause infertility, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, growth retardation, anomalies of development, premature delivery, neonatal morbidity, and mortality. However, appreciation of the human microbiome and host cell-microbe interactions must be taken into consideration as we try to determine what interactions are pathologic. Infection is typically recognized histologically by the presence of inflammation. Yet, several factors make comparison of the placenta to other human organs difficult. The placenta comprises tissues from two persons, complicating the role of the immune system. The placenta is a temporary organ. It must be eventually expelled; the processes leading to partuition involve maternal inflammation. What is normal or pathologic may be a function of timing or extent of the process. We now must consider whether bacteria, and even some viruses, are useful commensals or pathogens. Still, recognizing infection of the placenta is one of the most important contributions placental pathologic examination can give to care of the mother and neonate. This review provides a brief overview of placental defense against infection, consideration of the placental microbiome, routes of infection, and the histopathology of amniotic fluid infection and TORCH infections.

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The Placenta and Fetal Membranes

Huppertz

Kingdom

2018

Dewhurst's Textbook of Obstetrics &Amp; Gynaecology

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snRNAs are reduced in the syncytiotrophoblast: a possible mechanism for regulation of human placental protein production

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Small Non-Coding RNAs in the Human Placenta: Regulatory Roles and Clinical Utility

Small Non-Coding RNAs in the Human Placenta: Regulatory Roles and Clinical Utility

Defense and infection of the human placenta

The Placenta and Fetal Membranes

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