Soberanía territorial, conservación ambiental y comunidades de campo común en Chile central

Migliaro, Jorge Razeto; Martina, Emilia Catalán; Vodanovic, Juan Carlos Skewes

doi:10.32735/s0718-6568/2019-n54-1403

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…En América latina, y en Argentina en particular, la economía popular tiene una importante presencia. Como concepto existen antecedentes teóricos que la caracterizan económica y socialmente poniendo en discusión la noción de economía informal acuñada por la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT), en la década de 1970, a partir de las investigaciones de Keith Hart en Ghana (razeto, 1986;Quijano, 1979Quijano, , 1998Coraggio, 1989).…”

Section: Pandemia Y Economía Popular En Argentinaunclassified

Economía Popular y políticas públicas durante la pandemia en Argentina.

Hopp

2023

Rev. vasca econ. soc.

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El objetivo del artículo es analizar las principales intervenciones destinadas a trabajadores/as de la economía popular, implementadas en la Argentina, durante la pandemia. Para ello tomamos el caso de vendedores/as ambulantes de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, pertenecientes a una organización social. Utilizamos una metodología cualitativa en base a entrevistas semiestructuradas y análisis documental. El artículo muestra que las políticas implementadas replicaron esquemas de intervención en los que el trabajo asalariado tiene una gravitación fundamental. A partir de ello se distinguieron sectores de actividad esenciales y no esenciales, modalidades de intervención, recursos y calidad de las prestaciones, según la condición laboral registrada - no registrada y asalariada - no asalariada. Este esquema (re)produjo desigualdades de protección y acceso a derechos y tendió a colocar a los/as trabajadores/as de la economía popular en el espacio de la asistencia. El análisis realizado permite identificar dos desafíos para una política de promoción de la economía popular. El primero es la urgencia de crear nuevas instituciones que garanticen la protección más allá de la registración y de la condición asalariada. El segundo, es el diseño de políticas laborales y productivas, atendiendo a las particularidades del sector y de cada rama de actividad, las formas de organización del proceso de trabajo y las necesidades que tienen. Esto requiere correr la intervención del espacio de la asistencia para poner de relieve su aporte actual y potencial para la provisión de bienestar del conjunto social.

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Section: Pandemia Y Economía Popular En Argentinaunclassified

Economía Popular y políticas públicas durante la pandemia en Argentina.

Hopp

2023

Rev. vasca econ. soc.

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“…Results of the participatory mapping show that the agropastoralists own significant knowledge of the mountain (and its biodiversity). Thus, Razeto et al (2019) define the agropastoralists (or Arrieros) as guardians of the territory. "As they live in it, they will take care of it".…”

Section: Supplementary Agropastoralist Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These environments present high endemism across all spatial scales, identified as biodiversity hotspots: areas where human impact threatens many endemic taxa (Cowling et al, 1996;Myers et al, 2000, cited by Cowling et al, 2014. One of the most significant economic activities in the Andes mountain range is the adaptation of the ancient transhumant pastoralism practiced by local indigenous people (Marchant, 2019;Razeto et al, 2019). In pre-Columbian times indigenous pastoralists performed camelid movements through the Andes toward high-mountain grasslands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coexistence in Times of Climate Crisis: A Participatory Mapping to Understanding Conservation Conflicts in the Central Andes of Chile

Vargas¹,

Hargreaves²,

Valle³

et al. 2022

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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PurposeHuman-wildlife conflicts worldwide are arising, representing significant challenges for conservation biologists, decision-makers, and agropastoralist communities. Extreme climatic events, disease outbreaks, and land-use change could be intensifying these conflicts. The multi-species and mountainous landscapes seem prone to conflicts due to a lack of territory planning. These complex, dynamic, and multi-layered conflicts require a multidimensional approach. Currently, in Chile, mountainous landscapes have several threats, such as a lack of territory planning, mega-mining projects, and recently (last 10 years) the effects of the Mega-drought. Many transhumant agropastoralists have been forced to quit their livelihoods while increasing livestock-wildlife conflicts. We aim to build territorial planning within a holistic approach to strengthening the agropastoralists' competence to coexist with local wildlife (puma, condor, and guanaco) in Central Chile's Andes mountains.MethodologyWe conducted participatory mapping workshops with two agropastoralist communities in 2020. They were randomly divided into 4 to 7 people groups and told to draw a map representing their territory, including four elements: (1) natural and human components of the landscape, (2) natural wildlife conflict areas, (3) active grazing areas, and (4) their ideal future scenario, regarding their activity.FindingsResults showed different spatial perceptions of the natural and human components of the territory. All agropastoralists (100%) indicated similar wildlife conflict areas: focusing in the Summerlands. All agreed that Mega-drought was the primary threat to their production, increasing the conflict with wildlife. Summerland areas are identified as suitable areas for working in conflict with wildlife.Research Limitations/ImplicationsThis study highlights the need for a multidimensional approach to conflict and territory planning to address conservation conflicts. The study's implications show that agropastoralists decided to reduce Summerland use and improve Winterland planning to increase livestock productivity and reduce conflict with wildlife. Participatory mapping could help to prioritize areas to mitigate conflicts with wildlife.Originality/ValueThis study is the first in the Aconcagua valley to conduct a transdisciplinary & participatory approach toward coexistence between transhumant agropastoralists and wildlife. It also provides a baseline for similar schemes in semi-arid and mountainous landscapes worldwide facing rapid climate shifts and increasing human-wildlife conflict.

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“…Another coincidence to note is the presence of a demographic dynamic characterized by a decrease in the young population: from 2002 to 2017, the intercensal variation of the rural population between 13 and 24 years old was −1.6% in La Ligua and −0.5% in Olmué [33]. Although the intercensal variation of the districts does not represent the region's trend, it should be noted that today, there are only 7 agricultural communities in the Valparaíso region that are undergoing a process of territorial fragmentation [57].…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Rurality: Place Attachment among Young Inhabitants of Two Rural Communities of Mediterranean Central Chile

et al. 2022

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Rural livelihoods are under threat, not only from climate change and soil erosion but also because young people in rural areas are increasingly moving to urbanized areas, seeking employment and education opportunities. In the Valparaiso region of Chile, megadrought, soil degradation, and industrialization are driving young people to leave agricultural and livestock activities. In this study, our main objective was to identify the factors influencing young people living in two rural agricultural communities (Valle Hermoso and La Vega). We conducted 90 online surveys of young people aged 13–24 to evaluate their interest in living in the countryside (ILC). We assessed the effect of community satisfaction, connectedness to nature, and social valuation of rural livelihoods on the ILC. The results show that young people were more likely to stay living in the countryside when they felt satisfied and safe in their community, felt a connection with nature, and were surrounded by people who enjoyed the countryside. These results highlight the relevance of promoting place attachment and the feeling of belonging within the rural community. Chilean rural management and local policies need to focus on rural youth and highlight the opportunities that the countryside provides for them.

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Soberanía territorial, conservación ambiental y comunidades de campo común en Chile central

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Economía Popular y políticas públicas durante la pandemia en Argentina.

Economía Popular y políticas públicas durante la pandemia en Argentina.

Coexistence in Times of Climate Crisis: A Participatory Mapping to Understanding Conservation Conflicts in the Central Andes of Chile

The Future of Rurality: Place Attachment among Young Inhabitants of Two Rural Communities of Mediterranean Central Chile

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