Sobre a conceptualização contemporânea do "espaço" na cultura ocidental

Abstract

<p>Este texto discute a categoria filosófica de “espaço”, atendendo à sua importância<br />crescente na cultura ocidental. Estuda-se o impacto dessa categoria em diferentes ciências (para além da geografia) e sublinha-se o seu importante significado simbólico na literatura e nas artes (evocando o exemplo dos robots-pintores). Como interacção entre o espaço urbano e a mente humana afectiva, apresenta-se o caso da deambulação surrealista e da psicogeografia dos situacionistas. Finalmente, salientam-se as modificações sofridas pelo espaço físico e virtual, em termos do seu tempo de atravessamento através das tecnologias físicas e computadorizadas.</p>

Guarana propagation strategies: a review

“…The production of seedlings by seeds is not recommended, due to the great genetic variability, producing uneven plants of variable productivity, if the genetic material is not improved. In asexual propagation, on the other hand, the plants are obtained from a propagule taken from the parent plant, consisting only of somatic cells, allowing the characteristics of the parent plant to be maintained (Hartmann et al, 2002;Pereira, 2005).…”

“…A disease caused by the fungus Colletotrichum guaranicola which can destroy up to 80% of cultivated areas (Muniz et al, 2011). Embrapa recommends the technique of vegetative propagation by rooting cuttings, aiming at large-scale seedling production with short time intervals, which provides homogeneous crops in productivity and quality, precocity, and tolerance to phytopathogens (Pereira, 2005;Hartmann et al, 2018).…”

“…Cut into a bevel and containing a pair of leaflets cut in half. The substrate used for seedling production is a combination of earth and sand, in a 4:1 (v/v) ratio, with the addition of simple superphosphate per cubic meter (Pereira, 2005).…”

“…The cuttings should be kept under greenhouse conditions of seven to nine months, with 50% shading and nebulization made through evaporation balance so that the water is evenly distributed on the surface of the leaflets. Fertilization should be done directly on the substrate every 30 days, with 200 g of urea and 200 g of potassium chloride diluted in water and prepared before use (Pereira, 2005).…”

“…The soil and climatic conditions for the crop are hot and humid, with an average annual temperature between 23 and 28 ºC, relative humidity of 80%, and precipitation of 1,500 to 3,000 mm/year. The soils must be deep and well-drained, without stones, and the terrain can be flat (drained) or inclined (Pereira, 2005).…”