Social and Cardiac Responses of Young Children with Autism

Sigman, Marian; Dissanayake, Cheryl; Corona, Rosalie; Espinosa, Michael

doi:10.1177/1362361303007002007

Cited by 94 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Children with symptoms of autonomic dysfunction also demonstrated higher levels of resting heart rate than the typical children. Earlier studies found differences in heart rate between children with autism and children with developmental delays, with developmentally delayed children displaying lower heart rate in the first 10 s after the experimenter showed distress (Corona et al 1998) and during the first 10 s of separation from mothers than during baseline (Sigman et al 2003). These two studies suggest that children with autism did not express an autonomic ''orienting response'' (i.e., decreased heart rate) or an ''aversive response'' (i.e., increased heart rate) to the distressed experimenter.…”

Section: Social Behavior and Autonomic Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 95%

Emotion Recognition in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Relations to Eye Gaze and Autonomic State

Bal

Harden

Lamb

et al. 2009

J Autism Dev Disord

497

369

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Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA), heart rate, and accuracy and latency of emotion recognition were evaluated in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and typically developing children while viewing videos of faces slowly transitioning from a neutral expression to one of six basic emotions (e.g., anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise). Children with ASD were slower in emotion recognition and selectively made more errors in detecting anger. ASD children had lower amplitude RSA and faster heart rate. Within the ASD group, children with higher amplitude RSA recognized emotions faster. Less severe ASD symptoms and increased gaze to the eye region in children with ASD were related to more accurate emotion recognition.

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Section: Social Behavior and Autonomic Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 95%

Emotion Recognition in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Relations to Eye Gaze and Autonomic State

Bal

Harden

Lamb

et al. 2009

J Autism Dev Disord

497

369

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cardiac responses have been used in typically developing children to analyze whether stimuli are aversive (heart rate acceleration) or interesting (slowing heart rate) (Eisenberg & Fabes, 1999;Fabes, Eisenberg, & Eisenbud, 1993;Sigman, Dissanayake, Corona, & Espinosa, 2003). Therefore, as a second physiological indicator of coping with stress, heart rate (HR) has also been examined in this study during the SSP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The other person's affect thus seemed interesting to children with a developmental delay but not to children with autism. Sigman et al (2003) investigated the cardiac responses of children with autism and children with developmental delay to, among others, parental separation and reunion. They found that children with developmental delays showed lower heart rate during the first 10 s of separation than baseline, whereas children with autism did not show any orienting response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment in Toddlers with Autism and Other Developmental Disorders

Naber

Swinkels

Buitelaar

et al. 2006

J Autism Dev Disord

103

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Attachment was assessed in toddlers with Autistic Disorder (n=20), Pervasive Developmental Disorder (n=14), Mental Retardation (n=12), Language Development Disorder (n=16), and a non-clinical comparison group (n=18), using the Strange Situation Procedure (SSP). Children in the clinical groups were more often disorganized and less often securely attached. Severity of autism was associated with more attachment insecurity, and lower developmental level increased the chance for disorganized attachment. Attachment disorganization was related to increased heart rate during the SSP. Controlling for basal cortisol and developmental level, more autistic symptoms predicted lower cortisol responses to the SSP. The findings support the importance of disorganized attachment for children with autism.

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“…More than 51% was gained by autistics in their social-emotional reorganization and 18% audio tone of Autistics had also improved after including video including facial emotion photographs [18]. Sigman et al had examined the crying and happy emotions of autistic and analyzed the change in their cardiac and attention responses during video stimuli [19]. The measured heart rate was also confirmed the interests and attraction responses of autistics as same to typically developed, but autistics had pretended ignored social behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

ASD Faces are Less Explainable

Khullar¹,

Singh²,

Bala³

2017

Autism Open Access

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The aim of our study is to investigate the relation between the facial emotions of Autistic during their face processing motor activities by using a computerized approach. This experiment is conducted to establish the difference in the total response time (in seconds) for reflected face emotional expressions during the displaying videos as stimuli in the case of TD's and ASD's. Python 2.7 has been utilized for programming and implementing the computerized facial emotions detection system and for video playing. expressions and body movements. In results TD and Down syndrome children performed better than Autistic group, however severe Autistic group got better results of learning than the milder Autistic group.Interactive, active, realistic avatar based training software, namely "FaceSay" was used by Hopkins, 2011 for improving social, behavioral skills in Autistics. FaceSay had contained realistic avatars (animated photos of real persons) based three different games, i.e., "Amazing Gazing" for eye gaze, "Band Aid Click" for facial recognition, "Follow the Leader". It discriminated facial expressions while photographs, drawings, emotional, facial and non-facial expressions used as stimuli. After FaceSay training, the various tests (Emotion Recognition test, the Benton Facial Recognition test, and the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Scale tests) were validated the significant improvement in their behavioral skills of Autistics [23,24]. FaceSay was also used by Rice et al. [24] for improving the ASDs with eye-gaze, metalizing, attention, affect reorganization and face reorganization skills. Emotional skills, social environment reorganization and mental ability were noted as enhanced in ASD's after training conducted on computer based simulated environment.Emotionally capable virtual reality avatars [25] were used where ASD's had reflected more distributed attention to face area with long respond time as compared to TD's. Kandalaft et al. [26] investigated the feasibility of Virtual Reality Social Cognition Training intervention for social skills, cognition and functioning enhancement of autistics. A three dimensional virtual reality software Second Life version 2.1, Microsoft Windows XP, Audio voice manipulation software and 24 inch monitor were used for displaying user as a changeable virtual entity or Avatars with arm, body and mouth movements only. Pre and post sessions were conducted for virtual reality-social cognitive training program was attended Autistics were found with improved social facial and interaction skills. The potential impact of using 3D virtual reality, technological integration for social interaction and communication in Autistic children was investigated by Ke et al. [27]. This virtual reality program was consisted with body gesture and facial expression recognition during basic interactions in school or parties. After training on realistic virtual space, the Autistics had performed better in leading interaction, initiating interaction, maintaining interaction, responses and gesture re...

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Social and Cardiac Responses of Young Children with Autism

Cited by 94 publications

References 16 publications

Emotion Recognition in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Relations to Eye Gaze and Autonomic State

Emotion Recognition in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Relations to Eye Gaze and Autonomic State

Attachment in Toddlers with Autism and Other Developmental Disorders

ASD Faces are Less Explainable

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