Social capital networks in sports spectatorship and participation

Gemar, Adam

doi:10.1177/1012690220940867

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Certain factors, for example one’s social class, may diminish their chances to actively pursue some sport or participate as volunteers in organizing different sports events [ 138 ]. Andersen and Bakken [ 139 ] draw attention to the difference seen across social groups in terms of participation, with members of higher status social groups participating more in organized sport activities; Gemar [ 140 ] adds that commitment to exercise is also influenced by the type of available social capital.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability-Sport-Physical Activity

Bába

Ráthonyi

Pfau

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The present study is a synthesizing analysis of international literature on correlations between sustainability, sport, and physical activity. The study of sustainability is considered essential in modern research; its multidisciplinary approach relies on sports science and sports economics as well. There are several aspects of sustainability that are closely associated with health and health preservation; the beneficial effect of exercise on health is also widely known. For the analysis of this complex matter, our current study relied on secondary sources, and besides exploring specialist literature, it also illustrates and analyzes related statistical data. Our results highlight the correlations between living environment and physical activity, the importance of increasing individual commitment towards sustainability and using green spaces for exercising, as well as questions on social and environmental development in relation to physical activity. The study revealed the existence of highly complex links between physical environment, physical activities, and sustainability. The results section of our study provides a brief summary on the possible ways of making people physically active. Increasing physical activity is of paramount importance for achieving the objectives formulated in relation to sustainability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability-Sport-Physical Activity

Bába

Ráthonyi

Pfau

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…In particular, the findings of these authors evidence that people who do not participate in sporting activities have a much more restricted network, which reinforces their disengagement in this kind of activity. In a similar vein, Gemar (2021) shows social capital as a primary predictor in the patterning of both sports spectatorship and participation. By taking a social network approach, this author evaluates how density, cohesion and formation of the individuals' network can influence whether they participate in sporting activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Building social capital through sport engagement: evidence for adults aged 50 years and older

2022

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Involvement in sports is considered a powerful way to generate social capital. However, the role of sport engagement in the development of social relationships of older adults has not received much attention. Remarkably, there is a lack of empirical evidence on the quality and diversity of social relations built through active sport participation and spectatorship. This paper attempts to assess the relationship between sport engagement and various measures of network social capital, including the extension and quality of social networks and the heterogeneity of personal relationships. Also, it proposes new and more informative measurements of an individual's quantity and quality of social ties. By analysing data from a survey in Spain (N = 600) and applying logistic regressions, the results show that sport participation and attendance at sporting events are closely related to different dimensions of network social capital. Concerning people who are not actively engaged in sports, more extensive social networks characterise those who frequently attend sporting events. In contrast, active sport participation is associated with the extensity and quality measures of social connectedness, the level of satisfaction with friends and the opportunity to enjoy close relationships. Therefore, this paper provides new evidence on how sport engagement may result in tighter and extensive networks for older adults and serve as support for emphasising sports, physical activity and leisure as strategies for maintaining and boosting older people's social and psychological health.

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“…Furthermore, Jaggi and Xin (2014) supposed that the high-quality religious environment in which audit firms operate has a significant impact on their behavior, resulting in lower audit risk and lower audit effort and, hence, lower audit fees. Tarighi et al (2019) Sport: over the past few decades, the relationship between sport and social capital has become one of the most challenging research topics among various scientists (Gemar 2021). One main social influence of sports actions is the growth of social capital.…”

Section: The First Research Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Capital, Intellectual Capital, and Audit Fee: Conflicting Evidence from Iran

et al. 2022

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In the current study, we investigate the impacts of social capital (SC) and intellectual capital (IC) on audit fees among the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Since the criteria for the norms and the networks are extremely correlated, we used a principal component analysis (PCA) to construct an index of social capital for each province between 2011 and 2016. The Pulic model is also used as a proxy for measuring value added intellectual capital (VAIC). The ordinary least squares (OLS) regression is employed in this study to test our research hypotheses as well. According to the research literature, on the one hand, investors and lenders can be more confident in the financial reporting honesty of the firms headquartered in areas with high social capital; on the other hand, auditors judge the trustworthiness of their clients based on where the firm is headquartered. Inconsistent with the prior studies, our findings show that companies headquartered in provinces with high social capital pay higher audit fees. Given that Iranian firms are under heavy financial pressure due to economic sanctions, those companies located in areas with higher social capital likely have abused the high level of trust that auditors and other groups in the market have in them and participated in earnings manipulation to mask their weak financial performance. Among the various components of IC, we found strong evidence that employed capital efficiency (ECE) and audit costs correlated positively. In short, this paper sheds light on the fact that severe financial pressures on managers may sometimes lead them to take advantage of the dark side of social capital and intellectual capital when preparing financial reports.

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Social capital networks in sports spectatorship and participation

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Sustainability-Sport-Physical Activity

Sustainability-Sport-Physical Activity

Building social capital through sport engagement: evidence for adults aged 50 years and older

Social Capital, Intellectual Capital, and Audit Fee: Conflicting Evidence from Iran

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