Social Capital: Prospects for a New Concept

Adler, Paul S.; Kwon, Seok-Woo

doi:10.2307/4134367

Cited by 3,052 publications

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References 111 publications

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“…Social capital -goodwill mobilized to facilitate action localized within the flows of social relations (Adler & Kwon, 2002) -is embedded in this institutional environment in different forms and might exist in its different circles as presented in Figure 3 and Table 2. In spite of the fact that there are many definitions for social capital (Adler & Kwon, 2002;Portes, 1998;Swain, 2003), its positive effects converge towards three main influences exerted over the institutional environment, as presented in the framework outlined in Figure 1: increase in information symmetry, creation of formal and informal systems of reward and punishment, and fostering of trust and solidarity (Adler & Kwon, 2002).…”

Section: Institutional Environment and The Stocks Of Social Capitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spite of the fact that there are many definitions for social capital (Adler & Kwon, 2002;Portes, 1998;Swain, 2003), its positive effects converge towards three main influences exerted over the institutional environment, as presented in the framework outlined in Figure 1: increase in information symmetry, creation of formal and informal systems of reward and punishment, and fostering of trust and solidarity (Adler & Kwon, 2002). Adler and Kwon (2002, p. 29) posit that "the first of social capital's direct benefits is information: for the focal actor, social capital facilitates access to broader sources of information and improves information's quality".…”

Section: Institutional Environment and The Stocks Of Social Capitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bhatt & Tang, 1998;North, 1991;Putnam, 1993) have demonstrated that both formal and informal institutions in developed and developing countries can positively or negatively affect the ability of borrowers to alleviate both the risks borne by the MFIs -exacerbated by the condition of information asymmetry -and the difficulties of enforcing contracts (Stiglitz, 1990). Moreover, it is known that social capital, understood roughly as goodwill embedded within social relations (Adler & Kwon, 2002), carries the potential to ameliorate the quality of the information exchanged between borrowers and MFIs and to increase the capability of these organizations for enforcing loan repayment (Bastelaer, 1999a). These findings support the belief that the creation and utilization of stocks of social capital increase the efficiency of microfinance operations (Bastelaer, 1999a(Bastelaer, , 1999bBhatt & Tang, 1998;Ghatak, 2002;Ghatak & Guinnane, 1999;Larance, 1998;Rankin, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lending Groups and Different Social Capitals in Developed and Developing Countries

2016

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ResumoGrupos de empréstimo (GEs) e capital social são elementos primordiais para as muitas soluções em operações de microfinanças ao redor do mundo. No entanto, a capacidade dos GEs para reduzir os custos e os riscos de transações das instituições de microfinanças (IFM) são mediados pelo ambiente institucional. A partir desse pressuposto, discutimos as interações existentes entre os ambientes institucionais dos países desenvolvidos (anglosaxões e comunitários) e os países em desenvolvimento com diferentes estoques de capital social (individual, em rede e institucional), bem como as influências dessa interação sobre a eficácia dos GEs. Para tanto, construímos, a partir da perspectiva institucional de O. Williamson, um framework teórico que coloca em interação todos esses elementos e que permite analisar as suas principais relações dentro do contexto deste estudo. Com base nesse framework, propomos que, nos países em desenvolvimento e nos países anglo-saxões, tanto o estoque de capital social individual quanto o em rede são os mais importantes para a eficácia dos GEs. No entanto, em países anglosaxões, esses dois estoques de capital social são complementados por dispositivos formais de contratação. Nos países comunitários desenvolvidos, porém, os estoques de capital social institucional têm um impacto positivo mais forte sobre a dinâmica dos GEs.Palavras-chave: microfinança; grupos de empréstimo; capital social; ambiente institucional. AbstractLending groups (LGs) and social capital are two central elements to the many microfinance solutions operating around the world. However, LG effectiveness in reducing transaction costs and lending risks for microfinance institutions (MFIs) is mediated by institutional environments. Starting from this assumption, we discuss the existent interactions between the institutional environments of developed (Anglo-Saxon and communitarian) and developing countries with different stocks of social capital (individual, network and institutional) and the influences of this interaction on LG effectiveness. In order to do so, we applied the institutional perspective of O. Williamson to build a theoretical framework to examine the interaction of all these conditions, allowing for analysis of their main relations within the microfinance context. Based on this framework, we propose on the one hand that in developing and Anglo-Saxon developed nations, stocks of both individual and network social capital are the most important for an LG's effectiveness. However, in Anglo-Saxon countries, these two stocks of social capital are complemented by formal contracting devices. In communitarian developed countries, on the other hand, the stocks of institutional social capital have a stronger positive impact on LG dynamics.

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Section: Institutional Environment and The Stocks Of Social Capitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Institutional Environment and The Stocks Of Social Capitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lending Groups and Different Social Capitals in Developed and Developing Countries

2016

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“…(Adler and Kwon 2002) 5 = The social system is supported by a high level of trust, well-developed social networks, and leadership, providing increased capacity to effectively and collectively respond to change. 3 = The social system is supported by a moderate level of trust, social networks, and leadership, providing limited capacity to effectively and collectively respond to change.…”

Section: Ecological: Not Applicablementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Resilience in Stressed Watersheds

Nemec¹,

Chan²,

Hoffman³

et al. 2014

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Although several frameworks for assessing the resilience of social-ecological systems (SESs) have been developed, some practitioners may not have sufficient time and information to conduct extensive resilience assessments. We have presented a simplified approach to resilience assessment that reviews the scientific, historical, and social literature to rate the resilience of an SES with respect to nine resilience properties: ecological variability, diversity, modularity, acknowledgement of slow variables, tight feedbacks, social capital, innovation, overlap in governance, and ecosystem services. We evaluated the effects of two large-scale projects, the construction of a major dam and the implementation of an ecosystem recovery program, on the resilience of the central Platte River SES (Nebraska, United States). We used this case study to identify the strengths and weaknesses of applying a simplified approach to resilience assessment. Although social resilience has increased steadily since the predam period for the central Platte River SES, ecological resilience was greatly reduced in the postdam period as compared to the predam and ecosystem recovery program time periods.

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“…Social capital is defined as the potential resources that are embedded in networks of social relationships (Adler & Kwon, 2002;Lin, 2001;Portes, 1998). This theoretical framework focuses on social resources and how they can be converted into returns for users.…”

Section: Social Capital Theory and Social Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Interpersonal Influence in Retail Purchasing Networks: An Exploratory Analysis of Tie Quantity, Tie Strength, and Tie Type

Johnson¹,

Seevers²

2015

IJMS

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This study examines the impact of relationship characteristics existing between buyers and other members of a retail purchasing network. The number of ties and the strength of the ties buyers maintain with others in the network are examined to identify how they impact buyers' interpersonal influence over others. Buyers' tie quantity and tie strength are examined for different constituencies within the purchasing network to assess the differential impact of these relational factors on buyers' interpersonal influence. The study finds that buyers' tie quantity is a significant predictor of influence in both buyer and seller sub-networks, whereas buyers' tie strength is only a significant factor in the seller sub-network. Further, independently examining the sub-networks that form organically around buyer and seller roles in the overall purchasing network leads to differential outcomes when compared to evaluating the entire network in which buyer and seller sub-networks are not differentiated. Collectively, the findings from this study reveal important conceptual, methodological, and substantive implications for marketing researchers and practitioners interested in purchasing network contexts.

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Social Capital: Prospects for a New Concept

Cited by 3,052 publications

References 111 publications

Lending Groups and Different Social Capitals in Developed and Developing Countries

Lending Groups and Different Social Capitals in Developed and Developing Countries

Assessing Resilience in Stressed Watersheds

Developing Interpersonal Influence in Retail Purchasing Networks: An Exploratory Analysis of Tie Quantity, Tie Strength, and Tie Type

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