Social cognition and self-reported ASD traits in young adults who have reported psychotic experiences: A population-based, longitudinal study

Carey, Eleanor; Gillan, Diane; Burke, Tom; Burns, Annette; Murphy, Tanya M.; Kelleher, Ian; Cannon, Mary

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.08.028

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The RMET has 36 items, which assess mentalising, whereby participants are shown the eye region of the face and asked, untimed, to pick one of four options, which best describe the mental state. Items can be further grouped by positive, neutral, or negative valence [ 66 , 67 ]. The test includes a balanced combination of male and female images.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corpus Callosum Microstructural Tract Integrity Relates to Longer Emotion Recognition Reaction Time in People with Schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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Objective: Schizophrenia is a complex functionally debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder, with associated social cognitive impairment. Corpus Callosum (CC) white matter tracts deficits are reported for people with schizophrenia; however, few studies focus on interhemispheric processing relative to social cognition tasks. This study aimed to determine if a relationship between the CC and social cognition exists. Method: In this cross-section study, a sample of n = 178 typical controls and n = 58 people with schizophrenia completed measures of mentalising (Reading the Mind in the Eyes), emotion recognition outcome and reaction time (Emotion Recognition Test), and clinical symptoms (Positive and Negative Symptom Scale), alongside diffusion-based tract imaging. The CC and its subregions, i.e., the genu, body, and splenium were the regions of interest (ROI). Results: Reduced white matter tract integrity was observed in the CC for patients when compared to controls. Patients performed slower, and less accurately on emotion recognition tasks, which significantly and negatively correlated to the structural integrity of the CC genu. Tract integrity further significantly and negatively related to clinical symptomatology. Conclusions: People with schizophrenia have altered white matter integrity in the genu of the CC, compared to controls, which relates to cognitive deficits associated with recognising emotional stimuli accurately and quickly, and severity of clinical symptoms.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corpus Callosum Microstructural Tract Integrity Relates to Longer Emotion Recognition Reaction Time in People with Schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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“…The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task [RMET; (39)] is a 36-item assessment where black and white photographs of eye regions are presented, and participants are requested to infer mental states from four choices provided. The RMET can also provide individual scores for Positive, Negative, and Neutral valence (56)(57)(58)(59). Examples of Positive valence include Friendly (Q20); Negative valence: Hostile (Q26); Neutral valence: pensive (Q24).…”

Section: The Reading the Mind In The Eyes Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borderline personality disorder traits and mentalising ability: The self-other social cognition paradox

Grealy

Godfrey²,

Brady³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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ObjectiveBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a psychiatric condition characterised by a pervasive pattern of impulsivity, low self-image, and interpersonal conflicts. Previous findings indicate a mixed relationship between BPD and social cognition; little research as investigated whether BPD traits influence performance on specific elements of social cognitive tasks, i.e., positive/negative valence.MethodCommunity-based typical controls (n = 151; 51% female) were recruited through an online survey. Participants completed aspects of the Personality Assessment Inventory pertaining to BPD traits, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and measures of both emotion recognition and mentalising.ResultsFollowing group stratification into high/low BPD traits, participants with high BPD traits were observed to perform significantly better when identifying negative valence stimuli. Furthermore, high levels of affect instability was found to significantly influence negative valence recognition.ConclusionThis research highlights previous research which shows a paradox between higher performance on measures of social cognition, with a group of individuals who report significant interpersonal and relational difficulties. This research supports the assessment of social cognitive processes for people with BPD and/or high BPD traits to support clinical formulation of strengths and difficulties.

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“…Each item is scored 1 if the answer is correct and 0 if the answer is incorrect, with a range of 0–36 on the measure. In addition to having good test–retest reliability, it is not confounded by gender when assessed on large-scale groups, and it can be further stratified by positive, negative, or neutral stimuli valence, with 18-item repeatable short forms also available [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Pragmatically, the RMET may be particularly useful as a multimodal measure of mentalising among neurodegenerative populations, as it can be responded to verbally or by pointing and contains a glossary of terms should an individual be unfamiliar with a word.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 20-Year Systematic Review of the ‘Reading the Mind in the Eyes’ Test across Neurodegenerative Conditions

Stafford,

Gleeson,

Egan

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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Social cognition has a broad theoretical definition, which includes the ability to mentalise, i.e., recognise and infer mental states to explain and predict another’s behaviour. There is growing recognition of the clinical, diagnostic, and prognostic value of assessing a person’s ability to perform social cognitive tasks, particularly aspects of theory of mind, such as mentalising. One such measure of mentalising is the ‘Reading the Mind in the Eyes’ test (RMET). This systematic review and meta-analysis consider performance on the RMET, applied to people with neurodegenerative conditions in matched control studies, since its publication in 2001. Overall, this review includes 22 papers with data from N = 800 participants with neurodegenerative conditions: Alzheimer’s disease, n = 31; Parkinson’s disease, n = 221; Lewy body dementia, n = 33; motor neuron disease, n = 218; Huntington’s disease n = 80; multiple sclerosis, n = 217; and N = 601 matched typical controls. Our meta-analyses show that deficits in mentalising, as measured by the RMET, are consistently reported across neurodegenerative conditions, with participants in both early and late disease stages being affected. Social cognition is an emerging field of cognitive neuroscience requiring specific and sensitive measurement across each subdomain. Adult-based meta-normative data feature, for which future groups or individuals could be compared against, and hypotheses relating to the source of these mentalising deficits are further discussed. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020182874).

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Social cognition and self-reported ASD traits in young adults who have reported psychotic experiences: A population-based, longitudinal study

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Corpus Callosum Microstructural Tract Integrity Relates to Longer Emotion Recognition Reaction Time in People with Schizophrenia

Corpus Callosum Microstructural Tract Integrity Relates to Longer Emotion Recognition Reaction Time in People with Schizophrenia

Borderline personality disorder traits and mentalising ability: The self-other social cognition paradox

A 20-Year Systematic Review of the ‘Reading the Mind in the Eyes’ Test across Neurodegenerative Conditions

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