Social cognition disorders in military police officers affected by posttraumatic stress disorder after the attack of An-Nasiriyah in Iraq 2006

Mazza, Monica; Giusti, Laura; Albanese, Anna; Mariano, Melania; Pino, Maria Chiara; Roncone, Rita

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.11.027

Cited by 64 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Although most current findings emphasize asocial and antisocial patterns of behaviors following stress, a few examples in humans indicate that stress can also facilitate prosocial behaviors by promoting altruism and empathy (BOX 1). This is important because although stress may help us "feel with others" undergoing similar stressful situations 172 , very high stress seems to compromise empathic capacities [173][174][175][176] . Furthermore, there seems to be a bidirectional relationship between stress and social behaviors.…”

Section: Outstanding Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and the social brain: behavioural effects and neurobiological mechanisms

2015

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Section: Outstanding Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and the social brain: behavioural effects and neurobiological mechanisms

2015

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“…32,33,38 The BES comprises 20 items, which are scored by participants on a five-point Likert-type scale (1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither agree nor disagree, 4 = agree, 5 = strongly agree). In the two-factor model, 32 nine items assess cognitive empathy (items 3,6,9,10,12,14,16,19,20), and 11 items assess affective empathy (items 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 11, 13, 15, 17, and 18). In the two-factor conceptualization, the BES included seven reversed items, and scores could range from 20 (empathy deficit) to 100 (high level of empathy).…”

Section: ) Mentalizing Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11] Social cognition refers to a relatively large number of psychological constructs that range from complex concepts, such as theory of mind (ToM), to more elementary concepts, such as emotion perception, processing of social cues or social perception, and empathic ability. 9 The latter capacity allows one to understand and share the emotional states of others in reference to oneself and plays a critical role in social interaction, from bonding between mother and child to understanding others' feelings and subjective psychological states. [12][13][14][15] Empathy is a fundamental component of human nature across cultures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two systems for empathy in obsessive-compulsive disorder: mentalizing and experience sharing

Pino

Berardis²,

Mariano

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To investigate empathic abilities in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) compared to control subjects. OCD is characterized by persistent obsessions and compulsions. Previous studies have proposed specific emotion recognition deficits in patients with OCD. The ability to recognize emotion is part of the broad construct of empathy that incorporates mentalizing and experience-sharing dimensions. Methods: Twenty-four subjects with a diagnosis of OCD and 23 control subjects underwent empathic measures. Results: Patients with OCD compared to control subjects showed deficits in all mentalizing measures. They were incapable of understanding the mental and emotional states of other people. On the other hand, in the sharing experience measures, the OCD group was able to empathize with the emotional experience of other people when they expressed emotions with positive valence, but were not able to do when the emotional valence was negative. Conclusion: Our results suggest that patients with OCD show a difficulty in mentalizing ability, whereas the deficit in sharing ability is specific for the negative emotional valence.

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“…Estos autores informan que los niños en condiciones de riesgo social, como ser víctimas de maltrato infantil, presentan bajos desempeños en tareas de funciones cognitivas. De igual forma, se ha encontrado que esto también aplica para los casos de excombatientes con estrés post-traumático (Gómez et al, 2013;Mazza et al, 2012) y personas adultas con trastornos de ansiedad actual asociados a maltrato y abandono infantil.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Influencia del riesgo social en la teoría de la mente y funciones ejecutivas de adolescentes colombianos

Urquijo¹,

Zapata²,

Lewis³

et al. 2017

Univ Psychol

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El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la relación que existe entre las Funciones Ejecutivas (FE) y la Teoría de la Mente (ToM) en población colombiana en condición de riesgo social. Participaron 78 adolescentes (41 en riesgo social y 37 controles) entre los 13 y 16 años. Se administraron el Test de Palabras y Colores de Stroop, el Test de la Pirámide de México y el Test de Falso Paso para evaluar Control Inhibitorio, Planificación y ToM, respectivamente. A pesar de que no se encontraron diferencias significativas en los procesos ejecutivos de control inhibitorio y planificación, los controles mostraron tener mejor desempeño en la prueba de ToM (p<0,05). Adicionalmente, mientras que al interior del grupo sin riesgo social se observó una relación entre la ToM y los procesos ejecutivos evaluados (ps<0,05), sin embargo, al interior del grupo en riesgo social estos procesos no están relacionados. Se concluye que el entorno de riesgo social parece no afectar las habilidades ejecutivas de control inhibitorio y planificación pero sí la habilidad para realizar inferencias acerca de los estados mentales de los otros. De esta manera, un entorno de riesgo social es un factor ambiental que parece disociar el proceso de desarrollo de la cognición social y de los procesos ejecutivos en adolescentes, desarrollo que debería darse de manera paralela.

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Social cognition disorders in military police officers affected by posttraumatic stress disorder after the attack of An-Nasiriyah in Iraq 2006

Cited by 64 publications

References 43 publications

Stress and the social brain: behavioural effects and neurobiological mechanisms

Stress and the social brain: behavioural effects and neurobiological mechanisms

Two systems for empathy in obsessive-compulsive disorder: mentalizing and experience sharing

Influencia del riesgo social en la teoría de la mente y funciones ejecutivas de adolescentes colombianos

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