Social cognition in patients with acquired brain lesions: An overview on an under-reported problem

Maggio, Maria Grazia; Maresca, Giuseppa; Stagnitti, Maria Chiara; Anchesi, Smeralda; Casella, Carmela; Pajno, Valentina; Luca, Rosaria De; Manuli, Alfredo; Calabrò, Rocco Salvatore

doi:10.1080/23279095.2020.1753058

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…In humans, focal brain lesions and social task-based fMRI studies have largely contributed to identifying a network of brain regions (called “the social brain”) implicated in social cognition [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. The primary regions of the social brain include the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) [ 38 , 39 ], the temporoparietal junction (TPJ), the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), the inferior frontal gyrus, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) [ 40 ], and the anterior insula (AI) [ 41 ] ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Neural Bases For Impaired Social Cognition In Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cerebellar Involvement in Autism Spectrum Disorders: From the Social Brain to Mouse Models

D’Angelo

Mapelli

soda

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders that include a variety of forms and clinical phenotypes. This heterogeneity complicates the clinical and experimental approaches to ASD etiology and pathophysiology. To date, a unifying theory of these diseases is still missing. Nevertheless, the intense work of researchers and clinicians in the last decades has identified some ASD hallmarks and the primary brain areas involved. Not surprisingly, the areas that are part of the so-called “social brain”, and those strictly connected to them, were found to be crucial, such as the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, limbic system, and dopaminergic pathways. With the recent acknowledgment of the cerebellar contribution to cognitive functions and the social brain, its involvement in ASD has become unmistakable, though its extent is still to be elucidated. In most cases, significant advances were made possible by recent technological developments in structural/functional assessment of the human brain and by using mouse models of ASD. Mouse models are an invaluable tool to get insights into the molecular and cellular counterparts of the disease, acting on the specific genetic background generating ASD-like phenotype. Given the multifaceted nature of ASD and related studies, it is often difficult to navigate the literature and limit the huge content to specific questions. This review fulfills the need for an organized, clear, and state-of-the-art perspective on cerebellar involvement in ASD, from its connections to the social brain areas (which are the primary sites of ASD impairments) to the use of monogenic mouse models.

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Section: Neural Bases For Impaired Social Cognition In Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cerebellar Involvement in Autism Spectrum Disorders: From the Social Brain to Mouse Models

D’Angelo

Mapelli

soda

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Patients with TBI complain of HS disorders in 36-54% of cases. The most common symptoms are: excessive increase or decrease in sexual desire/impulse or activity, difficulty reaching orgasm, inappropriate sexual behavior, other secondary symptoms to the sexual dysfunction, such as irritability, dysphoria or disinhibition [24][25][26][67][68][69][70]. Sexual symptoms manifest based on the brain area involved in TBI; in particular, damage at the anterior brain regions (hypothalamus-pituitary axis) causes desire disorders and male erectile dysfunction, which are the prevalent sexual symptoms following TBI.…”

Section: Traumatic Brain Injury: Hs and Other Sexual Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypersexuality in neurological diseases: do we see only the tip of the iceberg?

Latella¹,

Maggio²,

Andaloro³

et al. 2021

J. Integr. Neurosci.

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The purpose of this commentary is to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying hypersexuality and its manifestation in neurological diseases through a meta-analysis. Studies were identified by searching on PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane databases. All results of each database between 2014 and 2020 were evaluated for possible inclusion. After an accurate revision of complete manuscripts, forty articles satisfied the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data from our meta-analysis indicated hypersexuality to be a frequent sexual disorder in patients with neurological disorders, especially neurodegenerative ones. Hypersexuality could negatively affect a patient's management and outcomes. This commentary discusses studies that are often incomplete for evaluation measures or sample selection. In our opinion, it is necessary to consider hypersexuality with particular attention, so more extensive sample studies are needed to find the most appropriate treatment to improve the quality of life for both the patient and the caregiver.

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“…Importantly, social cognition impairments are documented across all severities of TBI [3,4], and diminished abilities are associated with poor patient outcomes [5][6][7], and negatively impact long-term family functioning and wellbeing [8]. Despite the likelihood that social cognition impairments after TBI are underreported [9,10], the evidence base for their prevalence is strong [11][12][13][14]. One prominent area of disruption post-TBI is facial emotion recognition [11,[14][15][16], with estimates that up to 39% of individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI may exhibit this impairment [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Emotion Recognition and Social Inference Ability in Traumatic Brain Injury: An Eye-Tracking Comparison Study

Greene,

Reidy,

Morton

et al. 2023

Behavioral Sciences

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Emotion recognition and social inference impairments are well-documented features of post-traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet the mechanisms underpinning these are not fully understood. We examined dynamic emotion recognition, social inference abilities, and eye fixation patterns between adults with and without TBI. Eighteen individuals with TBI and 18 matched non-TBI participants were recruited and underwent all three components of The Assessment of Social Inference Test (TASIT). The TBI group were less accurate in identifying emotions compared to the non-TBI group. Individuals with TBI also scored lower when distinguishing sincere and sarcastic conversations, but scored similarly to those without TBI during lie vignettes. Finally, those with TBI also had difficulty understanding the actor’s intentions, feelings, and beliefs compared to participants without TBI. No group differences were found for eye fixation patterns, and there were no associations between fixations and behavioural accuracy scores. This conflicts with previous studies, and might be related to an important distinction between static and dynamic stimuli. Visual strategies appeared goal- and stimulus-driven, with attention being distributed to the most diagnostic area of the face for each emotion. These findings suggest that low-level visual deficits may not be modulating emotion recognition and social inference disturbances post-TBI.

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Social cognition in patients with acquired brain lesions: An overview on an under-reported problem

Cited by 19 publications

References 101 publications

The Cerebellar Involvement in Autism Spectrum Disorders: From the Social Brain to Mouse Models

The Cerebellar Involvement in Autism Spectrum Disorders: From the Social Brain to Mouse Models

Hypersexuality in neurological diseases: do we see only the tip of the iceberg?

Dynamic Emotion Recognition and Social Inference Ability in Traumatic Brain Injury: An Eye-Tracking Comparison Study

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