Social Cognitive and Emotion Processing Abilities of Children With Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Comparison With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Greenbaum, Rachel; Stevens, Sara; Nash, Kelly; Koren, Gideon; Rovet, Joanne

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.01003.x

Cited by 131 publications

(120 citation statements)

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“…28 Another study of children with FASD compared with children with ADHD revealed that children with FASD were more likely than the ADHD group to engage in sociopathic behaviors, such as lying and stealing. 29 Greenbaum et al 30 found that children with FASD demonstrate a behavioral profile distinct from children with ADHD, especially related to difficulties in social cognition and emotion processing. These differences and the lack of recognition of FASD have significant implications for the pharmacologic and therapeutic approach to treating the child, since studies have demonstrated differential response to medication for children with FASD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,26,27 However, there are qualitative differences in the types of attention problems seen in children with FASD as compared with children with ADHD. [28][29][30] Children with ADHD and FASD have been shown to have greater deficits in verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning than children having ADHD without prenatal alcohol exposure. 28 Another study of children with FASD compared with children with ADHD revealed that children with FASD were more likely than the ADHD group to engage in sociopathic behaviors, such as lying and stealing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Misdiagnosis and Missed Diagnoses in Foster and Adopted Children With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

2015

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to assess the rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) among a population of foster and adopted youth referred to a children's mental health center.METHODS: Data were collected from a sample of 547 children who underwent a comprehensive multidisciplinary diagnostic evaluation. Utilizing current diagnostic criteria, children were diagnosed, as appropriate, with fetal alcohol syndrome, partial fetal alcohol syndrome, alcoholrelated neurodevelopmental disorder, or alcohol-related birth defects. Changes in rates of alcohol exposure-related diagnoses and cooccurring mental health disorders pre-and postassessment were analyzed by using McNemar's test for dependent proportions.RESULTS: Among 156 children and adolescents who met criteria for a diagnosis within the fetal alcohol spectrum, 125 had never been diagnosed as affected by prenatal alcohol exposure, a missed diagnosis rate of 80.1%. Of the 31 who had been recognized before referral as affected by prenatal alcohol exposure, 10 children's FASD diagnoses were changed within the spectrum, representing a misdiagnosis rate of 6.4%. The remaining 21 (13.5%) children's diagnoses stayed the same. There also were significant changes in the rate of mental health diagnosis, and learning disorders, communication disorders, and intellectual disability, objective signs of neurocognitive damage, were not recognized in a significant number of children with FASD.CONCLUSIONS: Within this clinical sample, 86.5% of youth with FASD had never been previously diagnosed or had been misdiagnosed. These high rates of missed diagnoses and misdiagnosis have significant implications for intervention and therapeutic services. WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Researchers speculate that children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders often are not recognized or diagnosed correctly. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This is the first study to assess the rate of missed diagnoses and misdiagnosis in foster and adopted children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Misdiagnosis and Missed Diagnoses in Foster and Adopted Children With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

2015

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“…Four North American studies assessed predominantly African American (83%-94%) 24,30 or exclusively African American cohorts. 32,33 In addition to PAE/FASD groups, 3 studies included subgroups with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 15,26,34 and 1 study included a subgroup with prenatal cocaine exposure (Supplemental Appendix 2). 33 Additional data (eg, individual group sample size data) were requested for 3 articles, 17,23,29 but authors were unable to access archives (n = 2) or did not respond (n = 1).…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After screening and review, 23 articles were included in qualitative or quantitative analysis, with between 2 and 8 articles (total: 16) included in various meta-analyses. Tables 3 and 4 show the characteristics of included studies, according to presence of FASD (10 studies) [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] or PAE (14 studies), respectively [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] : one study reported data for both PAE and FASD. 35 Most were from North America (n = 15; 65.2%), followed by Australia (n = 4) and Canada (n = 2), with 1 study each from Finland and Taiwan.…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure, FASD, and Child Behavior: A Meta-analysis

et al. 2016

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CONTEXT: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) are associated with behavioral difficulties, although there are no published systematic reviews that summarize and critique the literature. OBJECTIVE:To describe the behavioral characteristics of children with PAE and/or FASD, assessed using the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessments (ASEBA) for schoolaged children with parent, teacher, and youth (self-report) forms.DATA SOURCES: Electronic literature databases, reference lists, hand-searches.STUDY SELECTION: peer-reviewed observational studies. DATA EXTRACTION:Study appraisal and data extraction were undertaken by 2 independent assessors. Meta-analyses were performed for parent-rated Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total problems scales. All other ASEBA scales were summarized qualitatively. RESULTS:Included were 23 articles; 16 were used in meta-analyses. Pooled results showed higher Total (mean difference 12.1, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 7.7-16.5), Internalizing (6.3, 95% CI 3.1-9.5), and Externalizing problems scores (12.5, 95% CI 7.9-17.0) in FASD than No FASD; and greater odds of scoring in the "Clinical" range in FASD. Pooled results demonstrated higher problem scores in children with PAE (P > .05). Qualitative summaries of other scales from parents, teachers, and self-report show poorer behavior ratings in children with FASD and PAE on composite Problem and Competence scores and many Syndrome subscales. LIMITATIONS:Findings were restricted to behaviors assessed using the ASEBA. The published literature was limited, often with only 1 study reporting on a particular scale.CONCLUSIONS: Meta-analysis reveals that FASD and PAE are associated with problematic behavior in many, but not all domains. This clearly affects families, and should be considered in clinical practice by providers.

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“…A number of such human disorders, albeit mechanistically and causally perhaps unrelated, are characterized by abnormal social behaviour. For example, symptoms and/or diagnostic criteria of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), schizophrenia or fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) all contain some form or level of social behaviour abnormality (Gillberg et al, 1996;Greenbaum et al, 2009;Hoertnagl & Hofer, 2014). These disorders represent substantial unmet medical needs mostly because their mechanisms and/or causes are poorly understood, and thus development of proper treatments has been difficult.…”

Section: Shoaling and The Dopaminergic System In Zebrafishmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Integration of Sociality, Monoamines, and Stress Neuroendocrinology in Fish Models: Applications in the Neurosciences

Soares

Maximino

2018

Preprint

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Animal-focused research has been crucial for scientific advancement however, in this matter, rodents are still taking a starring role. Coming out from merely being supportive of evidence found in rodents, the use of fish models has slowly taken a more central role and expanded its overall contributions in areas such as social sciences, evolution, physiology, and recently in translational medical research. In neurosciences, zebrafish has been widely adopted, contributing to our understanding of the genetic control of brain processes, and the effects of pharmacological manipulations. However, discussion continues regarding the paradox of function versus structure, when fish and mammals are compared, and on the potentially evolutionarily conserved nature of behaviour across fish species. From the behavioural stand point we explored aversive/stress and social behaviour in selected fish models, and refer to the extensive contributions of stress and monoaminergic systems. We suggest that, in spite of marked neuroanatomical differences between fish and mammals, stress and sociality are conserved at the behavioural and molecular levels. We also suggest that stress and sociality are mediated by monoamines in predictable and non-trivial ways, and that monoamines could "bridge" the relationship between stress and social behaviour. To reconcile the level of divergence with the level of similarity, we need neuroanatomical, pharmacological, behavioural, and ecological studies conducted in the laboratory and in nature.These areas need to add to each other to enhance our understanding of fish behaviour and ultimately how this all may translate to better model systems for translational studies.

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Social Cognitive and Emotion Processing Abilities of Children With Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Comparison With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract: Children with FASDs show a distinct behavioral profile from children with ADHD. Difficulties in social cognition and emotion processing in children with FASDs may contribute to their high incidence of social behavioral problems.

Cited by 131 publications

References 91 publications

Misdiagnosis and Missed Diagnoses in Foster and Adopted Children With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Misdiagnosis and Missed Diagnoses in Foster and Adopted Children With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure, FASD, and Child Behavior: A Meta-analysis

The Integration of Sociality, Monoamines, and Stress Neuroendocrinology in Fish Models: Applications in the Neurosciences

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