Social Communication Competence and Functional Adaptation in a General Population of Children: Preliminary Evidence for Sex-by-Verbal IQ Differential Risk

Skuse, David; Mandy, William; Steer, Colin; Miller, Laura L.; Goodman, Robert; Lawrence, Kate; Emond, Alan; Golding, Jean

doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31819176b8

Cited by 181 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

142

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…intra-domain correlations of variation in symptom severity) were significantly greater within the group of individuals exhibiting severity in all three domains, compared to groups of individuals exhibiting top 5% severity in zero or one domain (Ronald et al, 2006b). Similar increased overlaps related to extremity in multiple domains have been found in other studies (e.g., Skuse et al, 2009;Frazier et al, 2008), including a recent study comparing ASC individuals", first-degree relatives", and typically developing individuals" correlations between AQ-based indices of systemising and empathising (Grove et al, 2013). According to Baron-Cohen's "extreme male brain" notion this heightened correlation at the extreme should be doubly true of males, who are closer to the autism spectrum; and indeed, the same study found greater inter-domain behavioural overlap in males than females.…”

Section: Reconciling the Evidence: A Developmental Dynamic Interactiosupporting

confidence: 69%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Detail-oriented cognitive style and social communicative deficits, within and beyond the autism spectrum: Independent traits that grow into developmental interdependence

Valla

Belmonte

2013

Developmental Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

At the heart of debates over underlying causes of autism is the "Kanner hypothesis" that autistic deficits in social reciprocity, and a cognitive/perceptual 'style' favouring detail-oriented cognition, co-vary in autistic individuals. A separate line of work indicates these two domains are normally distributed throughout the population, with autism representing an extremity. This realisation brings the Kanner debate into the realm of normative co-variation, providing more ways to test the hypothesis, and insights into typical development; for instance, in the context of normative functioning, the Kanner hypothesis implies social costs to spatial/numerical prowess. In light of this growing body of research, we review relevant factor analytic and correlational, behavioural studies. Findings are then synthesised into three themes: an alternative triad of primary autistic trait categories -Social Interaction Deficits, Cognitive Inflexibility, and Sensory Abnormalities -that more accurately reflects the factor structure of autistic traits; continuity between clinical and non-clinical autism-spectrum trait presentation; and indications that although social and non-social autistic traits may be initially independent, Kanner-like co-variance emerges behaviourally from dynamic trait interactions over the course of development. A dynamic developmental model subsuming these patterns is offered, and its advantages demonstrated in a novel account of ritualistic behaviours: as developmentally emergent, compensatory mechanisms for interactions between cognitive inflexibility and sensory abnormalities. We conclude with the broader imperative that behavioural scientists appealing for directly and exclusively genetic links may instead benefit from a developmental framing within their own discipline. Highlights: We review and synthesize evidence for the "Kanner hypothesis" of co-varying autistic social deficits and detail-oriented cognition prowess, in clinical and typically developing populations  Evidence suggests an alternative triad of autistic trait categories -social interaction deficits, cognitive inflexibility, and sensory abnormalities -that more accurately reflects the factor structure of autistic traits  Evience suggests continuity between clinical and non-clinical autism-spectrum trait presentation  Evidence suggests Kanner-like covariance emerges behaviourally from dynamic trait interactions over the course of development  A developmental dynamic interactionist model best accounts for these patterns of evidence AbstractAt the heart of debates over underlying causes of autism is the "Kanner hypothesis" that autistic

show abstract

Section: Reconciling the Evidence: A Developmental Dynamic Interactiosupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Kanner-like co-variance has been found in school-age boys, but not girls (Skuse et al, 2009), supporting the "extreme male brain" notion that males are closer than females to the autism spectrum (Baron-Cohen, 2002).…”

Section: Evidence For the Kanner Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 90%

Detail-oriented cognitive style and social communicative deficits, within and beyond the autism spectrum: Independent traits that grow into developmental interdependence

Valla

Belmonte

2013

Developmental Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A total score of ≥ 8 is indicative of neurodevelopmental disturbances, especially in the social communication domain, whereas scores 415 are strongly suggestive of Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). 35 Families who reported behavioural problems were asked to participate in further assessments including: the Developmental, Diagnostic and Dimensional Interview short version (3Di-sv) to assess ASD, 36 Conners' Parent Rating Scale (Conners 3) 37 to assess Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD); and the Child and Behavioural Check List (CBCL) 37 to assess internalising and externalising emotional problems.…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular and neurodevelopmental features of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a signature of dystrophin function in the central nervous system

Ricotti

Jägle²,

Theodorou

et al. 2015

Eur J Hum Genet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multiple isoforms of dystrophin (Dp427, Dp260, Dp140, Dp71) are expressed differentially in the central nervous system (CNS) including the retinal layers. Disruption of these protein products is responsible for cognitive dysfunction, electroretinogram (ERG) abnormalities and behavioural disorders in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We studied the ocular characteristics and neuropsychiatric profile of 16 DMD boys. The ISCEV standard, full-field flash ERGs were assessed. Intellectual ability and behavioural disturbances were measured. All genotypes were associated with mildly abnormal photopic ERG a:b-wave amplitude ratios. In addition, we identified the following genotype/phenotype correlations: boys with mutations upstream of exon 30 (ie, isolated Dp427 altered expression) showed normal scotopic a:b ratios, abnormal photopic oscillatory potential OP2 and normal scotopic OP2. Conversely, all boys with DMD mutations downstream of exon 30 showed profoundly 'negative' scotopic ERGs (a:b ratios 41). In these patients, the involvement of Dp260 isoform resulted in the absence of slow rod pathway signalling in15 Hz scotopic flicker ERGs. These boys had abnormal scotopic OP2 and normal photopic OP2. Finally, children with mutations also affecting Dp71 were associated with more pronounced electronegative ERGs. When correlating ERGs to neurodevelopmental outcome, we found a positive correlation between negative scotopic ERGs and neurodevelopmental disturbances, and the most severe findings were in boys with Dp71 disruption. These findings suggest a strong association between DMD mutations affecting different DMD isoforms with characteristically abnormal scotopic ERGs and severe neurodevelopmental problems. The role of the ERG as a potential biomarker for dystrophin function in the CNS and response to novel genetic therapies warrants further exploration.

show abstract

“…These characteristics are postulated to lie on a continuum that extends between individuals with autism and individuals with typical development (TD) [3,4]. This continuum view suggests the possibility that autism spectrum traits are found not only at high levels in individuals with ASD but also at lower levels among individuals without ASD [5][6][7]. This continuum view shifts us away from merely categorical diagnosis towards the quantitative support of daily difficulties associated with autism spectrum traits of each individual regardless of ASD diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Default mode network in young male adults with autism spectrum disorder: Relationship with autism spectrum traits

Jung¹,

Kosaka²,

Saito³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Psychophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Autism spectrum traits are postulated to lie on a continuum that extends between individuals with autism and individuals with typical development (TD). Social cognition properties that are deeply associated with autism spectrum traits have been linked to functional connectivity between regions within the brain's default mode network (DMN). Previous studies have shown that the resting-state functional connectivities (rs-FCs) of DMN are low and show negative correlation with the level of autism spectrum traits in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is unclear whether individual differences of autism spectrum traits are associated with the strength of rs-FCs of DMN in participants including the general population.

show abstract

Social Communication Competence and Functional Adaptation in a General Population of Children: Preliminary Evidence for Sex-by-Verbal IQ Differential Risk

Cited by 181 publications

References 38 publications

Detail-oriented cognitive style and social communicative deficits, within and beyond the autism spectrum: Independent traits that grow into developmental interdependence

Detail-oriented cognitive style and social communicative deficits, within and beyond the autism spectrum: Independent traits that grow into developmental interdependence

Ocular and neurodevelopmental features of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a signature of dystrophin function in the central nervous system

Default mode network in young male adults with autism spectrum disorder: Relationship with autism spectrum traits

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About