Social competence and posthospital outcome among schizophrenic and nonschizophrenic psychiatric patients.

Age at first hospitalization and premorbid social competence in schizophrenia and affective disorder.

“…The findings of the present study indicate that certain correlates of diagnostic group membership thought to be unique to schizophrenia may be generalized to other disorders. Contrary to the findings of other researchers (Rosen, Klein, Levenstein, & Shahinian, 1969), the later age of first hospitalization of females as compared to males was found for each of the four diagnostic groups.…”

“…These findings relate to the controversy concerning the positive relation typically found between premorbid social competence and prognosis. While Zigler and his colleagues argue that this relation is true for all diagnostic groups (Glick & Zigler, 1986; Zigler, Glick, & Marsh, 1979; Zigler & Phillips, 1962), others assert that it is unique to schizophrenia (Rosen, Klein, Levenstein, & Shahinian, 1969).…”

Social competence in schizophrenia: Premorbid adjustment, social skill, and domains of functioning

“…Furthermore, among affective patients neither premorbid social nor sexual adjustment was related to any measures of social skill. Previous research has suggested that premorbid functioning is unrelated to outcome for nonschizophrenic patients (ROSEN et al, 1969;BROMET, HARROW, & KASL, 1974;WESTERMEYER & HARROW, 1986), although some studies have reported such a relationship (ZIGLER, GLICK, & MARSH, 1979). The lack of correlation between premorbid adjustment and social skill for affective patients suggests that social competence may be less stable over the course of affective disorders than schizophrenic-spectrum disorders.…”

Social disability.

“…For example, the most relevant information in the schizophrenic diagnosis may derive from the process-reactive distinction. Evidence would suggest that the most fundamental factor in that distinction is general social competence (Higgens & Peterson, 1966;Rosen et al, 1969;Schwarz, 1967;Zigler & Phillips, 1962). The problem for the "process" schizophrenic (that of social disability) does not change as his condition changes from "premorbid" to "morbid," while for the reactive schizophrenic it does.…”

“…Social disability, on the other hand, represents the chief criterion for patienthood. Throughout the 1960s, the related concept of competence received increasing attention not only for its role in the performance of societally relevant behaviors (Inkeles, 1968;Smith, 1968) but also as a central factor in psychological decompensation and debilitation (Kohn & Silverman, 1966;Linn, Sculthrope, Evje, Slater, & Goodman, 1969;Phillips, 1967Phillips, , 1968Rae-Grant, Gladwin, & Bower, 1966;Rosen, Klein, Levenstein, & Shahinian, 1969;Schwarz, 1967;Thorne & Nathan, 1969;Zigler & Phillips, 1960.…”