Social concepts are represented in the superior anterior temporal cortex

Zahn, Roland; Moll, Jorge; Krueger, Frank; Huey, Edward D.; Garrido, Griselda J.; Grafman, Jordan

doi:10.1073/pnas.0607061104

Cited by 430 publications

(482 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…However, these activations were also found when we compared shame or sadness with the neutral condition but not in the direct contrast of guilt versus shame and sadness. Thus, consistent with other work (Singer et al 2004;Olson et al 2007;Zahn et al 2007), our results confirm that the anterior insula and temporal pole are critically involved in social-affective processing but do not indicate any specificity of guilt-related processing for these regions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Guilt-Specific Processing in the Prefrontal Cortex

et al. 2011

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Guilt is a central moral emotion due to its inherent link to norm violations, thereby affecting both individuals and society. Furthermore, the nature and specificity of guilt is still debated in psychology and philosophy, particularly with regard to the differential involvement of self-referential representations in guilt relative to shame. Here, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy volunteers, we identified specific brain regions associated with guilt by comparison with the 2 most closely related emotions, shame and sadness. To induce high emotional intensity, we used an autobiographical memory paradigm where participants relived during fMRI scanning situations from their own past that were associated with strong feelings of guilt, shame, or sadness. Compared with the control emotions, guilt episodes specifically recruited a region of right orbitofrontal cortex, which was also highly correlated with individual propensity to experience guilt (Trait Guilt). Guilt-specific activity was also observed in the paracingulate dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, a critical ''Theory of Mind'' region, which overlapped with brain areas of self-referential processing identified in an independent task. These results provide new insights on the unique nature of guilt as a ''self-conscious'' moral emotion and the neural bases of antisocial disorders characterized by impaired guilt processing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Guilt-Specific Processing in the Prefrontal Cortex

et al. 2011

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“…Therefore, ''activation'' and ''modulation'' in this article refer to positive linear associations. The statistical threshold for individual voxels at the wholebrain level was set to P Ͻ 0.005, with minimum cluster size of 50, similarly to other studies using parametric modulators (14,54). We corrected for multiple comparisons for voxels at the whole-brain level by applying FDR correction (P Ͻ 0.05).…”

Section: Experiments 2 (Fmri)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and neural foundations of religious belief

Kapogiannis

Barbey

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We propose an integrative cognitive neuroscience framework for understanding the cognitive and neural foundations of religious belief. Our analysis reveals 3 psychological dimensions of religious belief (God's perceived level of involvement, God's perceived emotion, and doctrinal/experiential religious knowledge), which functional MRI localizes within networks processing Theory of Mind regarding intent and emotion, abstract semantics, and imagery. Our results are unique in demonstrating that specific components of religious belief are mediated by well-known brain networks, and support contemporary psychological theories that ground religious belief within evolutionary adaptive cognitive functions.

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“…The Wang et al (5) results converge with the previous literature in suggesting that subregions of the ATL are specialized for different object domains. In addition to regions showing differential responses to faces (13), person knowledge (14), and theory of mind (15), subregions of the ATL respond differentially to animals over artifacts and to artifacts over animals (16). These regions correspond closely to regions whose damage is associated with deficits for the recognition of those categories of objects (17,18).…”

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confidence: 99%

Anterior temporal lobe and the representation of knowledge about people

Anzellotti

2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Patients with semantic dementia (SD), a neurodegenerative disease affecting the anterior temporal lobes (ATL) (1), present with striking cognitive deficits: they can have difficulties naming objects and familiar people from both pictures and descriptions (2, 3). Furthermore, SD patients make semantic errors (e.g., naming "horse" a picture of a zebra), suggesting that their impairment affects object knowledge rather than lexical retrieval. Because SD can affect object categories as disparate as artifacts, animals, and people, as well as multiple input modalities, it has been hypothesized that ATL is a semantic hub (4) that integrates information across multiple modality-specific brain regions into multimodal representations. With a series of converging experiments using multiple analysis techniques, Wang et al. (5) test the proposal that ATL is a semantic hub in the case of person knowledge, investigating whether ATL: (i) encodes multimodal representations of identity, and (ii) mediates the retrieval of knowledge about people from representations of perceptual cues.Wang et al. (5) asked 50 participants to learn biographical information (name, age, marital status, occupation, city of residence, and the appearance of their house as presented in a photograph) about four fictitious people over 2 d of training. On the third day, participants completed an fMRI experiment in which they were shown images of the four people's faces (pictured from different viewpoints with respect to the training), their names (written in a different font and color), their houses (pictured from different viewpoints), and images of objects associated with their occupation. Multimodal representations of person identity were probed in a set of regions-of-interest (ROIs), training a support vector machine to classify between different face identities, and testing it to classify between the associated names, houses, and occupation-related objects. All four classifications were significant in the ATL, and none of the classifications was significant in any of the other ROIs, showing that ATL representations of person identity generalize across a variety of stimulus types. The ATL has been previously shown to encode information about face identity (6), generalizing across facial expressions (7), viewpoints (8), and face parts (9).The ATL has also been implicated in the association of names and faces with knowledge about people (10, 11). Wang et al.'s (5) classification results are an important extension of this work, revealing representations of identity that generalize across faces, names, and objects associated with one individual.In the ATL-hub hypothesis, the ATL acts as an intermediary for the linkage of different kinds of knowledge represented in specialized brain regions. To test this proposal, in a second study, Wang et al. (5) defined a set of ROIs showing stronger responses when retrieving information about a person compared with a resting baseline. The contrast identified as ROIs the left ATL, hippocampus, posterior cingulate (PCC), i...

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Social concepts are represented in the superior anterior temporal cortex

Cited by 430 publications

References 66 publications

Guilt-Specific Processing in the Prefrontal Cortex

Guilt-Specific Processing in the Prefrontal Cortex

Cognitive and neural foundations of religious belief

Anterior temporal lobe and the representation of knowledge about people

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