“…The proponents of these therapies envisioned the optimal "systemic" intervention in a much less directive way than earlier therapists (Anderson, 2016;Lund, Eron, & Dagirmanjian, 2016). Further, they rejected the notions of therapeutic manuals and positivist measurement of outcomes that are foundational to research (D'Arrigo-Patrick, Hoff, Knudson-Martin, & Tuttle, 2017;Heatherington & Johnson, 2019). This community came to flourish in very different places than psychotherapy research, and the research-practice gulf widened.…”