Social determinants associated with Giardia duodenalis infection in southern Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the association between different social determinants of health at the local scale and Giardia duodenalis infection in diverse settlements in southern Côte d'Ivoire. Stool samples from 306 individuals aged 1-16 years were collected from six rural villages and a small town. Five variables were categorized to classify the increasing risk levels of acquiring intestinal parasites. Giardia prevalences (%) and odds ratios (ORs) were evaluated. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to determine the correlation coefficients and to propose predictive models based on social determinants to forecast the risk of giardiasis. The overall observed prevalence of Giardia was 21.6 %. When the analysis was conducted at the local level, the percentage of infected people varied from a minimum of 12.7 up to 36.4 %. A significant association (p < 0.001) was found between the selected social determinants and G. duodenalis prevalence in the different localities. Correlation and regression analyses allowed us to describe two predictive models to estimate the OR of Giardia transmission. This study helps to clarify the possible impact of different social determinants of health on the risk of giardiasis at the local scale. Both predictive models could be suitable in order to assess the likelihood of the transmission of intestinal parasitic infection in developing countries.

Desigualdad en la prevalencia de parasitosis intestinal en escolares de una escuela urbana y dos rurales de la comuna de Puerto Montt

“…Las infecciones parasitarias son enfermedades asociadas a condiciones de desigualdad social, siendo más prevalentes en contextos de pobreza, hacinamiento, deficientes condiciones sanitarias, bajo nivel educacional y residencia en cordones urbano marginales y rurales 4 . Múltiples estudios identifican factores sociales, económicos, culturales y sanitarios asociados a parasitosis intestinal en niños 5,6 . Una parte importante de estos estudios se realizan en asentamientos rurales o semirurales, donde estas condiciones son más bien deplorables.…”

Determinantes sociales del parasitismo intestinal, la desnutrición y la anemia: revisión sistemática

“…En cuanto a parasitismo intestinal los determinantes incluyeron el vivir en hogares sin condiciones sanitarias o de zona rural, la presencia de características deficientes de la vivienda como tener el piso de tierra, no disponer de una adecuada provisión de agua y alcantarillado, el consumo de alimentos en la escuela, la presencia de barreras de acceso al sistema de salud, bajo nivel educativo de los padres, empleo precario, bajos ingresos y desnutrición (20-22,44).…”

Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota Composition Associated to the Presence of Commensal and Pathogen Microorganisms in Côte d’Ivoire

“…The high number of asymptomatic individuals suggests an adaptation to constant and cumulative exposure to enteropathogens due to the common risk factors associated with low-income countries [ 22 , 23 , 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”