Social Determinants of Sexual Networks, Partnership Formation, and Sexually Transmitted Infections

Adimora, Adaora A.; Schoenbach, Victor J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4526-5_2

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Continued monitoring and analysis of trends in risk behaviour in the population through behavioural or STI surveys at the national and subnational level is therefore essential. In addition, besides the perceived risk of HIV, sexual risk behaviour is affected by many other socio‐economic and cultural determinants and therefore difficult to predict for the future .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural disinhibition in the general population during the antiretroviral therapy roll‐out in Sub‐Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta‐analysis

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Hontelez

Looman

et al. 2017

Tropical Med Int Health

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Abstractobjectives Improved life expectancy and reduced transmission probabilities due to ART may result in behavioural disinhibition -that is an increase in sexual risk behaviour in response to a perceived lower risk of HIV. We examined trends in sexual risk behaviour in the general population of subSaharan African countries 1999-2015.methods We systematically reviewed scientific literature of sexual behaviour and reviewed trends in Demographic and Health Surveys. A meta-analysis on four indicators of sexual risk behaviour was performed: unprotected sex, multiple sexual partners, commercial sex and prevalence of sexually transmitted infections.results Only two peer-reviewed studies met our inclusion criteria, while our review of DHS data spanned 18 countries and 16 years (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015). We found conflicting trends in sexual risk behaviour. Reported unprotected sex decreased consistently across the 18 countries, for both sexes. In contrast, reporting multiple partners was decreasing over the period 1999 to the mid-2000s, yet has been consistently increasing thereafter. Similar trends were found for reported sexually transmitted infections and commercial sex (men only).conclusions In conclusion, we found no clear evidence of behavioural disinhibition due to expanded access to ART in sub-Saharan Africa. Substantial increases in condom use coincided with increases in reported multiple partners, commercial sex and sexually transmitted infections, especially during the period of ART scale-up. Further research is needed into how these changes might affect HIV transmission.keywords literature review, sexual risk behaviour, behavioural disinhibition, antiretroviral therapy, sub-Saharan Africa

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural disinhibition in the general population during the antiretroviral therapy roll‐out in Sub‐Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta‐analysis

Legemate

Hontelez

Looman

et al. 2017

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…For example, as related to sexual networks of the individual; some respondents may be in more at-risk sex networks and may therefore be more likely to contract HIV even with safer sex practices. 29 Those who engage in riskier sex, such as sex workers or those having sex with sex workers, would be more likely to use condoms because of the perceived risk of this activity. Likewise they may even report condom use more frequently due to social desirability bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection Incidence and Associated Risk Factors Among High-Risk MSM and Male-to-Female Transgender Women in Lima, Peru

Castillo

Konda

León

et al. 2015

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) and male-to-female transgender women (TW) are at increased risk of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We evaluated factors associated with incidence of HIV, HSV-2, and chlamydia and gonorrhea (anal and pharyngeal). Methods We used data from the Comunidades Positivas trial with MSM/TW who have sex with men in Lima, Peru. Participants were asked about sexual risk behaviors and underwent HIV/STI testing at baseline and 9- and 18-month follow-ups. We used discrete time proportional hazards regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for variables associated with incidence of each STI. Results Among 718 MSM/TW, HIV incidence was 3.6 cases per 100 person-years. HIV incidence was associated with having an incident STI (aHR 3.73). Unprotected receptive anal intercourse was associated with incident anal chlamydia (aHR 2.20). An increased number of sexual partners increased incident HSV-2 (aHR 3.15 for 6–14 partners and 3.97 for 15–46 partners compared to 0–2 partners). Risk of anal gonorrhea decreased with each sexually active year (aHR 0.94) and increased for unprotected compensated sex (aHR 2.36). Risk of pharyngeal gonorrhea also decreased with each year since sexual debut (aHR 0.95). Risk of anal chlamydia decreased with each sexually active year (aHR 0.96), risk increased with reports of unprotected sex work (aHR 1.61), and unprotected receptive anal sex (aHR 2.63). All aHRs have p-values < 0.05. Conclusion MSM/TW experience high incidence of HIV. Up-to-date prevalence and incidence information and identifying factors associated with infection can help develop a more effective combination prevention response.

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“…[23] Although the increased reporting of anal intercourse may be due in part to decreased reluctance to report previously stigmatized behavior, some studies also suggest that increased access to pornography through the internet may be a contributing factor, [24], [25], [23] an observation that attests to the importance of new communication methods in influencing behaviors that affect health outcomes. [26]…”

Section: Women and Anal Intercoursementioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing HIV Infection in Women

Adimora

Ramirez

Auerbach

et al. 2013

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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Although the number of new infections has declined recently, women still constitute almost half of the world's 34 million people with HIV infection, and HIV remains the leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. Prevention research has made considerable progress during the past few years in addressing the biological, behavioral and social factors that influence women's vulnerability to HIV infection. Nevertheless, substantial work still must be done in order to implement scientific advancements and to resolve the many questions that remain. This article highlights some of the recent advances and persistent gaps in HIV prevention research for women and outlines key research and policy priorities.

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Social Determinants of Sexual Networks, Partnership Formation, and Sexually Transmitted Infections

Cited by 25 publications

References 105 publications

Behavioural disinhibition in the general population during the antiretroviral therapy roll‐out in Sub‐Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta‐analysis

Behavioural disinhibition in the general population during the antiretroviral therapy roll‐out in Sub‐Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta‐analysis

HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection Incidence and Associated Risk Factors Among High-Risk MSM and Male-to-Female Transgender Women in Lima, Peru

Preventing HIV Infection in Women

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