Social Disorganization Theory's Greatest Challenge

Kubrin, Charis E.; Wo, James C.

doi:10.1002/9781118512449.ch7

Cited by 43 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…migration pattern, residential instability) undermine the ability of communities to achieve common values and solve common challenges 23,24. While some communities buffer social disorganization by enhancing neighborhood informal social controls that are based on participation in civic and social organizations,25 others fail to adjust to the changing conditions, giving way to social disequilibrium, and various socially risky behaviors 26. In this paper, we draw on social disorganization theory to examine the impact of various social and individual challenges on HIV acquisition risk across rural communities with varying HIV infection rates in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Province, South Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Disequilibrium and the Risk of HIV Acquisition: A Multilevel Study in Rural KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa

Tomita

Vandormael

Bärnighausen

et al. 2017

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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Background Few population-based multilevel studies have quantified the risks that social context poses in rural communities with high HIV incidence across South Africa. We investigated the individual, social and community challenges to HIV acquisition risk in areas with high and low incidence of HIV infection (hotspots/coldspots). Methods The cohort (N=17,376) included all HIV-negative adults enrolled in a population-based HIV surveillance study from 2004–2015 in a rural South African community with a large labor migrancy. Multilevel survival models were fitted to examine the social determinants (i.e. neighborhood migration intensity), community traits (i.e. HIV prevalence), and individual determinants of HIV acquisition risk in identified hotspots/coldspots. Results The HIV acquisition risk (aHR=1.05, 95% CI:1.01-1.09) was greater in hotspots with a higher neighborhood migration intensity amongst men. In women, higher neighborhood migration intensity (aHR=1.02, 95% CI:1.01-1.02) was associated with a greater HIV acquisition risk, irrespective of whether they lived in hotspot/coldspot communities. HIV acquisition risk was greater in communities with a higher prevalence of HIV in both men (aHR=1.07, 95% CI:1.03-1.12) and women (aHR=1.03, 95% CI:1.01-1.05), irrespective of hotspot/coldspot locations. Conclusion HIV acquisition risk was strongly influenced by gender (i.e. young women), behavior (i.e. sexual debut, contraception, circumcision) and social determinants. Certain challenges (i.e. community disease prevalence) for HIV acquisition risk impacted both sexes, regardless of residence in hotspot/coldspot communities, while social determinants (i.e. neighborhood migration intensity) were pronounced in hotspots among men. Future intervention scale-up requires addressing the social context that contributes to HIV acquisition risk in rural areas with high migration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Disequilibrium and the Risk of HIV Acquisition: A Multilevel Study in Rural KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa

Tomita

Vandormael

Bärnighausen

et al. 2017

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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“…In the early 2000s, Kubrin and Weitzer (2003) argued for the use of political economy in social disorganization research to catalyze the examination of structural variables. Local politics have broad impacts on neighborhoods, so it seems sensible that the political economy would influence crime (Kubrin & Weitzer, 2003;Kubrin & Wo, 2015).…”

Section: Theoretical Contributions and Future Directions: Economic And Political Control Within The Built Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of quantitative research on crime, the built environment, land use, and physical geography

Inlow

2021

Sociology Compass

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This paper provides a comprehensive review of space-and place-based criminology, with a focus on the relationship between crime, the built environment, land use, and/or physical geography, through sociological and critical geography lenses. An historical overview of major criminological and spatial theories and contributors is presented before examining the current state of the field. In honor of critical geography's goal to be "a people's geography," 1 this paper aims to be an accessible overview of space-and placebased criminological research, especially for readers who are unfamiliar with these topics.

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“…Social disorganization theory refers to the inability of a community to realize the common values of its members and maintain social controls (Kurbin & Wo, 2016). The theory implies that societies with ineffective social control measures tend to have higher crime rates (Kubrin, 2014).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The theory implies that societies with ineffective social control measures tend to have higher crime rates (Kubrin, 2014). Thus, a society that is disorganized tends to be characterized by little solidarity among its residents and a lack of social cohesion and integration (Kurbin & Wo, 2016). In a society characterized by social disorganization, residents are saddled with the responsibility of being the “eyes and ears” of the community, and their informal surveillance deters others from engaging in crime.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a society characterized by social disorganization, residents are saddled with the responsibility of being the “eyes and ears” of the community, and their informal surveillance deters others from engaging in crime. Such socially disorganized communities tend to have lower levels of informal social control and, consequentially, experience higher crime rates than socially organized communities (Kurbin & Wo, 2016; Sampson & Groves, 1989). Several ecological factors of communities, including the level of poverty, unemployment rates, racial or ethnic composition, and events of family disruption, may tie into the inability of communities to ensure social organization (Kurbin & Wo, 2016).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethnoregional Dynamics of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Nigeria

Dim

2018

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a reality the average Nigerian woman has to grapple with everyday. Ethnicity and place of residence play a pivotal role in the social realities of Nigerian women, especially with their experience of IPV. However, there is a paucity of reviews examining the impact of ethnicity and place of residence on women’s experiences of IPV in Nigeria. This study seeks to explore the ethnoregional dynamics of IPV from the range of studies undertaken on the subject matter. Eighteen studies meant the inclusion criteria for analysis. The major criteria for selecting studies for analysis were peer-reviewed studies on IPV against women and studies on a Nigerian population, regardless of the nationality of the authors. Databases like the University of Saskatchewan Library, ProQuest, Sociological Abstracts, and Journal Storage ( JSTOR) were used in searching for peer-reviewed studies. The study revealed that Igbo women tend to experience IPV more than Yoruba and Hausa women. The study also found that rural women tend to experience IPV more than urban women. The study points out some of the services available for female victims of IPV and the possible strategies that can be adapted to reach them effectively.

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Social Disorganization Theory's Greatest Challenge

Cited by 43 publications

References 35 publications

Social Disequilibrium and the Risk of HIV Acquisition: A Multilevel Study in Rural KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa

Social Disequilibrium and the Risk of HIV Acquisition: A Multilevel Study in Rural KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa

A comprehensive review of quantitative research on crime, the built environment, land use, and physical geography

Ethnoregional Dynamics of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Nigeria

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