Social Disparities in Destandardization—Changing Family Life Course Patterns in Seven European Countries

Zimmermann, Okka; Konietzka, Dirk

doi:10.1093/esr/jcx083

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This finding adds evidence to recent studies that have challenged the notion of an irreversible decrease in life course standardization into question (e.g. Zimmermann and Konietzka 2017 ). My results substantiate Huinink’s ( 2013 ) theoretical argument that family formation may re-standardized if change is a transitory process.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…It is important to study family life course de-standardization, because increasing diversity may have serious consequences for individuals and societies (see Zimmermann and Konietzka 2017 for a discussion). High life course diversity that is generated by nonmarital parenthood, serial cohabitation, and divorce is likely tightly intertwined with the production of social inequalities and their reproduction across generations (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, findings are mixed as to whether a de-standardization has even occurred. For example, while Elzinga and Liefbroer ( 2007 ) report that family life courses had become more diverse across cohorts within a number of countries using the Family and Fertility Survey, Zimmerman and Konietzka ( 2017 ) observe a decrease in diversity following an initial increase in several Generations and Gender Programme countries. This is in line with Huinink’s ( 2013 ) proposition that a re-standardization of family lives may occur if de-standardization is the result of one dominant family pattern replacing another.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Family Life Course Standardization in Sweden: The Role of Compositional Change

Winkle

2020

Eur J Population

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The diversity of early family life courses is thought to have increased, although empirical evidence is mixed. Less standardized family formation is attributed to compositional changes in educational attainment, labour market participation, and childhood living conditions. I investigate whether and why family trajectories have become more or less standardized across birth cohorts in Sweden. I combine sequence metrics with Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions to assess the compositional shifts that drive changes in family formation standardization. Family trajectories of individuals born in 1952, 1962, and 1972 from age 18 to 35 are reconstructed using Swedish register data. My results demonstrate that early family formation has become more standardized across birth cohorts. Further, compositional differences between birth cohorts partially account for this standardization, especially for women. For example, higher levels of educational attainment are associated with family formation standardization. This substantiates arguments that family formation may re-standardize following the second demographic transition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Family Life Course Standardization in Sweden: The Role of Compositional Change

Winkle

2020

Eur J Population

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“…Moreover, while findings are consistent with both the de-standardisation hypothesis and SDT, researchers also concluded that changes tend to be overstated and path dependency understated (Van Winkle, 2018). Lastly, Zimmermann and Konietzka (2018) suggest that de-standardisation is primarily linked with lower education, which leads authors to associate it with deprivation rather than with deliberate choices and less institutional control. Conversely, while there are significant cross-national differences in employment trajectories, research suggests that career complexity has not increased substantially (Biemann, Fasang, & Grunow, 2011;Van Winkle & Fasang, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Recent research has found consistent evidence of a de-standardisation of family trajectories in several European societies (Zimmermann & Konietzka, 2018). However, the pace and intensity of de-standardisation depend on the country, educational groups and gender, suggesting that theoretical explanations need to be fine-tuned to each context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The de-standardisation of the life course in Portugal. A cross-cohort analysis using entropy analysis

Ramos

2019

Advances in Life Course Research

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This article addresses the question of life course de-standardisation in Portugal, drawing on a trajectory-based holistic approach. The de-standardisation hypothesis presupposes that, over recent decades, occupational and family trajectories became gradually more variable. Our methodological strategy to test these hypotheses uses entropy measures and assesses how cohort and gender influence standardisation. We used these measures to determine the heterogeneity in co-residence and occupational trajectories between the ages of 7 and 35. In a second stage, we used regression models to estimate if cohort, gender, education and socioeconomic class associate with co-residence and occupational entropy. The paper draws on data from the 'Family Trajectories and Social Networks: The life course in an intergenerational perspective' research project (n=1500), which included questions on co-residence and work employment history of Portuguese individuals born in three different cohorts (1935-40; 1950-55; 1970-75). Findings show that standardisation and de-standardisation dynamics coexist, operating differently depending on the life domain and the stage of life. While early family trajectories are more standardised in younger cohorts, later stages are slightly more diverse, particularly among women. As far as occupational trajectories are concerned, formative years are much more standardised in the younger cohort, while adulthood is de-standardised in all cohorts. We discuss results in light of the life course regime and gendering hypotheses.

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Beyond Social and Family Generations

Taipale

2019

Intergenerational Connections in Digital Families

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Social Disparities in Destandardization—Changing Family Life Course Patterns in Seven European Countries

Cited by 43 publications

References 40 publications

Early Family Life Course Standardization in Sweden: The Role of Compositional Change

Early Family Life Course Standardization in Sweden: The Role of Compositional Change

The de-standardisation of the life course in Portugal. A cross-cohort analysis using entropy analysis

Beyond Social and Family Generations

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