Social factors and obesity: an investigation of the role of health behaviours

Ball, Kylie; Mishra, Gita D.; Crawford, David

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802237

Cited by 94 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…19 In our sample, leisure-time physical activity showed a small protective effect against excess weight. As discussed by Erlichman, 24 the level of activity needed to influence body weight may be higher than that recommended for fitness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies suggest that people who consume low-fat dairy foods frequently have a higher adjusted mean BMI than those who rarely/never consume them. 19 In the FINRISK Studies, 6 women choosing skim milk and men choosing low-fat milk were more likely to be obese than those not drinking milk at all. In contrast, new studies report that milk and its calcium content protect against obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with overweight and obesity in Quebec adults

2004

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OBJECTIVE:To measure the independent correlates of excess body weight and obesity in Quebec in 1993 and 1997. DESIGN: A population-based, cross-sectional survey in three settings in the province of Quebec. SUBJECTS: A total of 10014 individuals aged 18-64 y. MEASUREMENTS: Excess body weight was defined as a body mass index (BMI) (self-reported weight and height) greater than or equal to 25 kg/m 2 and obesity as BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m 2 . Data were collected by a questionnaire completed at home by the participants. Diet was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: The correlates varied according to gender. While university achievement, smoking habit and physical activity level reduced the risk of excess body weight in both genders, increased dietary fat intake was positively associated with overweight and obesity in men only. In women, greater family income lowered the risk of having a BMI over 25. Increasing age, speaking a language other than French and living in a rural environment elevated the risk. CONCLUSION: Future interventions for the control of obesity should be gender-specific. Target groups should include individuals with low education, those living in rural environments and non-caucasian women. Dietary interventions should target men in particular.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with overweight and obesity in Quebec adults

2004

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“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Social activity was assessed by the participation or nonparticipation in any association.…”

Section: Outcome Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 Other studies investigating the role of recent health behaviour suggest that health behaviour account for only some of the class variance in body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2 ). 18,19 However, these studies [17][18][19] focus on recent life circumstances only, use limited indicators, and are cross-sectional in design, which makes it difficult to determine the direction of causality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A life-course approach in explaining social inequity in obesity among young adult men and women

2005

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Objective: To examine the cumulative influence of adverse behavioural, social, and psychosocial circumstances from adolescence to young adulthood in explaining social differences in overweight and obesity at age 30 years and if explanations differ by gender. Design: A 14-year longitudinal study with 96.4% response rate. Subject: Data from 547 men and 497 women from a town in north Sweden who were baseline examined at age 16 years and prospectively followed up to age 30 years. Measurements: Overweight and obesity were ascertained at ages 16 and 30 years. Occupation and education were used to measure socioeconomic status. The explanatory measurements were: age at menarche, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, TV viewing, home and school environment, social support, social network, and work environment. Results: No gender or social difference in overweight was observed at age 16 years. At age 30 years, significantly more men than women (odds ratio (OR) ¼ 2.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.14-3.68) were overweight or obese. Educational level was associated with overweight at age 30 years, but not occupational class. Both men (OR ¼ 1.55, 95% CI 1.10-2.19) and women (OR ¼ 1.78, 95% CI 1.16-2.73) with low education (p11 years) were at risk of overweight. The factors that explained the educational gradient in overweight among men were low parental support in education during adolescence, and physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, and nonparticipation in any association during young adulthood. The educational gradient in overweight in women was explained mostly by adolescence factors, which include early age at menarche, physical inactivity, parental divorce, not being popular in school, and low school control. Restricted financial resource during young adulthood was an additional explanatory factor for women. All these factors were significantly more common among men and women with low education than with high education. Conclusion: Social inequities in overweight reflect the cumulative influence of multiple adverse circumstances experienced from adolescence to young adulthood. Underlying pathways to social inequity in overweight differ between men and women. Policy implications to reduce social inequity in overweight include reduction of social differences in health behaviours and social circumstances that take place at different life stages, particularly psychosocial circumstances during adolescence.

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“…[9][10][11][12] Lifestyles are also of importance, as a sedentary leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is independently associated with obesity, and smokers have a lower body mass index (BMI) compared to non-smokers and former smokers. [13][14][15][16] Over the last two decades, there has been a continuous increase in the prevalence of obesity in the United States, in Great Britain and in other European countries. 7,[17][18][19][20] In the United States, the prevalence of obesity varies by region with the highest prevalence of obesity in the rural areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher education and more physical activity limit the development of obesity in a Swedish rural population. The Skaraborg Project

et al. 2008

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Objective: To investigate the prevalence and the secular trends of obesity in a rural Swedish community with emphasis on the association with socioeconomic status and lifestyle. Conclusions: This study revealed an upward secular trend in the prevalence of obesity in a rural community in Sweden. Increasing levels of education and LTPA limit this ongoing development of obesity. Public health strategies for the prevention of obesity should consider the special condition in rural environments.

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Social factors and obesity: an investigation of the role of health behaviours

Cited by 94 publications

References 31 publications

Factors associated with overweight and obesity in Quebec adults

Factors associated with overweight and obesity in Quebec adults

A life-course approach in explaining social inequity in obesity among young adult men and women

Higher education and more physical activity limit the development of obesity in a Swedish rural population. The Skaraborg Project

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