Social groups and CO2 emissions in Spanish households

Duarte, Rosa; Mainar, Alfredo; Chóliz, Julio Sánchez

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2012.02.020

Cited by 42 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This is similar to the results obtained by other papers for Spain (see e.g. Labandeira and Labeaga 1999) and is in line with the emission intensity by income groups in Spain, as shown by Duarte, Mainar, and Sanchez-Choliz (2012). LAP taxes tend to be more regressive because they largely affect goods that are consumed by low-income households, such as electricity and food.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Local air pollution and global climate change taxes: a distributional analysis for the case of Spain

Garcia-Muros

Burguillo

González-Eguino

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Planning and Management

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Global climate change measures are difficult to implement. In this context, local air pollution measures may play an important role in the political agenda since their effects are felt more immediately by citizens. Distributional implications are one of the main barriers for implementing environmental policies. This paper explores the distributional implications of air pollution taxes and compares them to climate change taxes. For the comparison, both tax schemes were set to yield the same revenue. Methodologically, the study uses a topÀdown approach linking a macro model to a micro model. We find that taxes on local air pollutants are more regressive than those levied on CO 2 . This is because the goods implicitly taxed have a greater weight in the consumer basket of low-income groups, even if the tax revenues are recycled. Furthermore, the revenue-neutral recycle scheme increases both taxes efficiency, but, at the same time, can increase regressivity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Local air pollution and global climate change taxes: a distributional analysis for the case of Spain

Garcia-Muros

Burguillo

González-Eguino

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Planning and Management

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“…; Jones and Kammen ); and for Spain by Duarte et al. []). For this purpose, information about household consumption (

{\hat{boldC}}_{i}

) according to different characteristics i (i.e., income levels, region) is required, which is decomposed into the diagonalized vector of domestic household consumption with the different characteristics i (in our case, eight different levels of income) of the region r (

{\hat{boldC}}_{normali}^{rr}

) and the diagonalized vector of imported goods from region s (

{\hat{boldC}}_{normali}^{sr}

).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Inequality of Spanish Households through the Carbon Footprint: The 21st Century Great Recession Effect

Santiago

Arce

Morenate

et al. 2016

J of Industrial Ecology

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Summary Inequality has recently become a major concern in economics. Leaving aside its social and economic effects is also possible to trace its environmental consequences, which this article attempts to assess. The indicator to be measured is the household's carbon footprint (CF) for different social groups. The deep economic crisis in the Spanish economy between 2008 and 2013 has increased consumption inequality and doubled the number of households below the poverty line. When focusing on domestic consumption, we found that the shopping basket of all income groups has very similar emissions intensities; therefore, the differences among the household CFs depend mainly on the scale effect (i.e., the size of consumption). However, when international trade is also considered, we found that the emission intensity of imports is bigger than the intensity of all the respective domestic goods. Therefore, the share of imported goods and services by social class will be an important determinant of the respective total CF. Before the crisis, households with higher incomes imported 30% of their total consumption items whereas households with lower income imported only 20% of their consumption. During the crisis, the imports of medium‐high‐income households fell to 20%, whereas low‐ and middle‐income families maintained the same import share, which contributed to the reduction of the total household CF.

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“…8 Although elasticities range a great deal depending on studies: 0.25 in north China (Liu et al, 2013) and 0.6 in the UK (Büchs and Schnepf, 2013). 9 In the identified studies, expenditure elasticities range from 0.84 to 0.94 for GHG emissions (Kerkhof et al, 2009;Girod and De Haan, 2010;Duarte et al, 2012;Roca, Serrano, 2007), from 0.64 to 1 for energy consumption (Lenzen et al, 2006), from 0.86 to 0.96 for acidifiant gases (Kerkhof et al, 2009;Roca and Serrano, 2007), and from 0.71 to 0.81 for eutrophicant pollutants (Kerkhof et al, 2009;Roca and Serrano, 2007). We can note a 1.42 expenditure elasticity level for smog-forming pollutants in the case of The Netherlands, which shows the necessity to conduct separate analyses for different pollutants (Kerkhof et al, 2009).…”

Section: Contribution Of Holistic Approaches: the Role Of Social Normsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mechanisms explaining the impact of economic inequality on environmental deterioration

Berthe

Elie

2015

Ecological Economics

162

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Social groups and CO2 emissions in Spanish households

Cited by 42 publications

References 21 publications

Local air pollution and global climate change taxes: a distributional analysis for the case of Spain

Local air pollution and global climate change taxes: a distributional analysis for the case of Spain

Assessing the Inequality of Spanish Households through the Carbon Footprint: The 21st Century Great Recession Effect

Mechanisms explaining the impact of economic inequality on environmental deterioration

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