Social inequalities in health related behaviours in Barcelona

Borrell, Carme

doi:10.1136/jech.54.1.24

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Nearly all physical activities examined were practiced more by groups of higher education, agreeing with the findings of other authors 18,30 , except for cycling in both sexes and soccer in men. Soccer was the most played sport by males reaching a prevalence of 20.9%, agreeing well with the study of Séclen-Palacin and Jacoby 18 , who also found higher prevalence of soccer practicing in the lower socioeconomic layer.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Some studies showed an association between physical activities during leisure time and number of worked hours 18,29 , showing that disadvantaged segments of society would have less time or energy for physical activities during leisure time 30 . Few psychosocial resources and low participation in social groups could also explain the physical inactivity during leisure time in socioeconomically disadvantaged adults 28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inatividade física e fatores associados em adultos, São Paulo, Brasil

Zanchetta

Barros

César

et al. 2010

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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Objective: To analyze the prevalence of overall and leisure time physical inactivity and associated factors and types of exercises or sports modalities according to schooling in 2,050 adults from 18 to 59 years of age -state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Population-based cross-sectional study with a stratified sample of clusters performed in multiple stages. Physical inactivity was determined using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire -IPAQ and by a question on the regular practice of leisure time physical activity. Data analysis took the sample design into account. Results: Prevalence of physical inactivity during leisure was higher among women. Poisson multiple regression model in man indicated that overall sedentarism was lower among single and separated men, students and without car in the household. Leisure physical inactivity was greater among men over forty years, among those with less schooling and full-time students. Overall physical inactivity was more prevalent among woman with more schooling, with less qualified occupations and widows. Leisure physical inactivity decreased with age and schooling. Among modalities practiced for leisure, walking was more prevalent among women and football was more prevalent among men. Most modalities were directly associated with schooling; approximately 25% of the individuals with more than 12 years of schooling practiced walking. Conclusions: These results suggest that interventions and public policies to promote physical activity should consider differences in gender and socioeconomic status as well as the preferences for different modalities and the context in which the physical activity is practiced.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inatividade física e fatores associados em adultos, São Paulo, Brasil

Zanchetta

Barros

César

et al. 2010

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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“…n 1 : number of studies by educational level; n 2 : number of studies by occupational level. Our findings about a higher consumption of cheese in the higher social class are consistent with previous studies (Popkin et al, 1989;Erkkilä et al, 1999;Borrell et al, 2000). We also observed a positive association between a higher level of education and a greater consumption of milk.…”

Section: Socioeconomic Differences In Food Habits In Europesupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Some reasons may explain this mortality and morbidity inequalities, since lower social groups are exposed to more difficult and risky tasks and do not have such a great interest in their future health. Other important reasons associated with socioeconomic factors are nutrition-related and lifestyle characteristics such as physical activity, alcohol, smoking, and diet (Hulshof et al, 1991;Prätälä et al, 1994;Borrell et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of socioeconomic differences in food habits in Europe: consumption of cheese and milk

Sánchez‐Villegas

Martínez

Prättälä³

et al. 2003

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To assess differences in cheese and milk consumption across socioeconomic groups in representative samples from several European countries. Design: A meta-analysis of published and unpublished surveys of food habits performed in nine European countries between 1985 and 1999. Educational and occupational levels were used as indicators of socio-economic status. Results: A higher socioeconomic status was associated with a greater consumption of cheese. The pooled estimate of the difference in cheese consumption between women in the highest vs the lowest educational level was 9.0 g/day (95% CI: 7.1 to 11.0). The parallel observation in men was 6.8 g/day (95% CI: 3.4 to 10.1). Similar results were obtained using occupation as an indicator of socioeconomic status. The pooled estimates of the higher cheese consumption among subjects belonging to the highest (vs the lowest) occupational level were 5.1 g/day (95% CI: 3.7 to 6.5) in women and 4.6 g/day (95% CI: 2.1 to 7.0) in men. No statistically significant associations were found for milk consumption concerning educational or occupational level. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that consumption of cheese is likely to be higher among subjects belonging to higher socioeconomic levels. We did not find enough evidence to support that milk intake is different according to educational or social levels. Sponsorship: FAIR-program of the European Union (project,.

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“…Smoking in southern Europe is more frequent among women in higher educational categories. 6,7,[15][16][17] Our results demonstrate a dynamic process of change in Note. Vertical bars represent 95% confidence intervals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Pattern of smoking initiation in Catalonia, Spain, from 1948 to 1992

Borràs¹,

Fernández²,

Schiaffino³

et al. 2000

Am J Public Health

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OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed the pattern of smoking initiation by sex and educational level in Catalonia, Spain. METHODS: Data from the 1994 Catalan Health Interview Survey were used (n = 12,245). The age and smoking status of each subject were reconstructed for each calendar period. Age-specific smoking initiation rates were calculated. RESULTS: Smoking initiation among females was rare until the 1960s, but from the period 1968-1972 onward a converging pattern was observed between the genders. Women with higher levels of education started smoking before other women, but the gradient of educational level has changed in recent years, with higher initiation rates among less-educated women. CONCLUSIONS: These results are consistent with diffusion-of-innovations theory and could be related to social and economic changes from the 1960s onward in Spain.

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Social inequalities in health related behaviours in Barcelona

Cited by 52 publications

References 36 publications

Inatividade física e fatores associados em adultos, São Paulo, Brasil

Inatividade física e fatores associados em adultos, São Paulo, Brasil

A systematic review of socioeconomic differences in food habits in Europe: consumption of cheese and milk

Pattern of smoking initiation in Catalonia, Spain, from 1948 to 1992

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