Social Inequality in Cigarette Consumption, Cigarette Dependence, and Intention to Quit among Norwegian Smokers

Lund, Marianne

doi:10.1155/2015/835080

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Smoking attenuated educational inequality in breast feeding in both Norwegian and Dutch women. Smoking habits are socially patterned22 and consistently associated with shorter breastfeeding duration 6 8. This may be due to physiological factors such as decreased milk volume23 24 and altered sleep pattern,25 although behavioural factors seem to be most important 26…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining socioeconomic inequalities in exclusive breast feeding in Norway

et al. 2017

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining socioeconomic inequalities in exclusive breast feeding in Norway

et al. 2017

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“…Existing evidence on differences in quitting smoking by SES of tobacco users along different dimensions—such as, income, wealth, education, occupation, and residence in deprived areas—mostly pertains to high-income countries [14–34]. These studies have consistently found that lower SES is predictive of lower probability of quit intention, quit attempts and successful quitting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic patterns of smoking cessation behavior in low and middle-income countries: Emerging evidence from the Global Adult Tobacco Surveys and International Tobacco Control Surveys

et al. 2019

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Introduction Tobacco smoking is often more prevalent among those with lower socio-economic status (SES) in high-income countries, which can be driven by the inequalities in initiation and cessation of smoking. Smoking is a leading contributor to socio-economic disparities in health. To date, the evidence for any socio-economic inequality in smoking cessation is lacking, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study examined the association between cessation behaviours and SES of smokers from eight LMICs. Methods Data among former and current adult smokers aged 18 and older came from contemporaneous Global Adult Tobacco Surveys (2008–2011) and the International Tobacco Control Surveys (2009–2013) conducted in eight LMICs (Bangladesh, Brazil, China, India, Mexico, Malaysia, Thailand and Uruguay). Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of successful quitting in the past year by SES indicators (household income/wealth, education, employment status, and rural-urban residence) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression controlling for socio-demographics and average tobacco product prices. A random effects meta-analysis was used to combine the estimates of AORs pooled across countries and two concurrent surveys for each country. Results Estimated quit rates among smokers (both daily and occasional) varied widely across countries. Meta-analysis of pooled AORs across countries and data sources indicated that there was no clear evidence of an association between SES indicators and successful quitting. The only exception was employed smokers, who were less likely to quit than their non-employed counterparts, which included students, homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed (pooled AOR≈0.8, p<0.10). Conclusion Lack of clear evidence of the impact of lower SES on adult cessation behaviour in LMICs suggests that lower-SES smokers are not less successful in their attempts to quit than their higher-SES counterparts. Specifically, lack of employment, which is indicative of younger age and lower nicotine dependence for students, or lower personal disposable income and lower affordability for the unemployed and the retirees, may be associated with quitting. Raising taxes and prices of tobacco products that lowers affordability of tobacco products might be a key strategy for inducing cessation behaviour among current smokers and reducing overall tobacco consumption. Because low-SES smokers are more sensitive to price increases, tobacco taxation policy can induce disproportionately larger decreases in tobacco consumption among them and help reduce socio-economic disparities in smoking and consequent health outcomes.

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“…Smokers from the lower SES group also reported a lower intention to quit [27]. Recent research [28–30] posited that the socialization of adolescents from lower income families of origin, such as the modelling or unhealthy lifestyles and health beliefs, could be transmitted intergenerationally to influence the adolescent’s smoking behavior. On the other hand, the uptake of EC and polytobacco use were highly associated with higher familial and personal income among smokers [22, 31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with different smoking statuses among Malaysian adolescent smokers: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2019

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Background This study focused on the associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and adolescent smoking among secondary school students (13 to 17 years) in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Our objective was to evaluate the relationships between adolescent demographics, socioeconomic status and smoking status. Methods The survey data were based on baseline findings from a cross-sectional study ( N = 422 adolescents). Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status (household monthly income and daily allowance) and adolescent smoking status. Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) reading and the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC) were used to evaluate adolescent smoking status. A Multivariate Multinomial Logistic Regression (MMLR) was employed to test selected demographic and socioeconomic predictors of smoking status. Results Of the 422 adolescents ( M age = 15.58, SD = 1.24), more than half of the participants initiated smoking between 13 to 17 years old (59.0%). A total of 308 (73.0%) were electronic cigarette users, with more than 50% comprising of single users. The mean CO reading was 2.14 ppm with 78.0% of adolescents scoring more than 0 on the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC). Males and participants aged 15 and 16 years were at increased risks of sole CC smoking. Meanwhile, males, those who are not hooked on smoking and with a non-smoker CO reading were at increased risks of sole EC smoking. Finally, Bumiputeras were at less risk of EC smoking. Conclusions Demographic variables such as age, gender and ethnicity predicted smoking status predicted smoking risk, but not socioeconomic factors. The findings allow policy makers to target specific high-risk demographic groups when designing smoking cessation programs for adolescents.

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Social Inequality in Cigarette Consumption, Cigarette Dependence, and Intention to Quit among Norwegian Smokers

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

Explaining socioeconomic inequalities in exclusive breast feeding in Norway

Explaining socioeconomic inequalities in exclusive breast feeding in Norway

Socioeconomic patterns of smoking cessation behavior in low and middle-income countries: Emerging evidence from the Global Adult Tobacco Surveys and International Tobacco Control Surveys

Factors associated with different smoking statuses among Malaysian adolescent smokers: a cross-sectional study

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