Social influences on the sexual behavior of youth at risk for HIV exposure.

Römer, Daniel; Black, Maureen M.; Ricardo, Izabel; Feigelman, Susan; Kaljee, Linda; Galbraith, Jennifer; Nesbit, Rodney; Hornik, Robert; Stanton, Bonita

doi:10.2105/ajph.84.6.977

Cited by 246 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

170

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[9][10][11] American Indian youth are no exception. 3 Among sexually active youth the number of sexual partners, substance use during sex, and not using condoms have been associated with HIV/AIDS infection.…”

Section: Sexual Behavior and Hiv/aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

HIV/AIDS Protective Factors among Urban American Indian Youths

Marsiglia¹,

Nieri²,

Stiffman³

2006

hpu

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This research examined how family and individual factors influence three HIV/AIDS risk behaviors: having more than one sexual partner in the last three months, substance use at last sexual intercourse, and condom non-use at last sexual intercourse. The sample includes 89 sexually active American Indian adolescents living in a large Southwestern city. Logistic regression results revealed that family communication acts as a protective factor against HIV risk through a lower reported substance use during last sexual intercourse, but it did not appear to affect the number of multiple recent sex partners. Family and personal involvement in American Indian cultural activities, both low on average, had no effect on the outcomes. This study helps to fill the gap in knowledge on sexual health risk and protective factors among American Indian adolescents, an understudied group, and provides implications for intervention with American Indian youths and their families. Keywords HIV/AIDS; family context; protective factors; American Indian youthWhile there is a growing body of research on HIV/AIDS in the general population, less is known about the protective and risk factors associated with HIV/AIDS infection among youth in general 1 and American Indian youth in particular. Relative to other ethnic groups, American Indians have received minimal attention because they have had low rates of infection since the early days of the epidemic. [2][3][4] Yet, recently, rates of infection among American Indians have begun to increase, especially among youth, who make up a large portion of the American Indian population. 2,3 The change in rates raises questions about this group's vulnerability to HIV/AIDS and marks a need to better understand the factors that may lead to or prevent behaviors associated with disease contraction in this group. Toward that end, this study uses a sample of sexually active, urban American Indian youth and explores the influence of family and individual factors on behaviors associated with HIV/ AIDS risk: having multiple recent sexual partners, substance use during sex, and unprotected sex. Some researchers have described HIV as the new smallpox, an epidemic which could wipe out entire American Indian communities in a way reminiscent of the epidemics caused by early European colonization. 2,3 The fact that many American Indian communities present risk factors commonly associated with HIV infection contributes to the level of concern. For example, American Indians report high rates of substance use, especially alcohol use, 2,4,7,8 and high rates of sexually transmitted diseases. 4,7 Furthermore, American Indians face high rates of poverty and low rates of educational achievement which may constitute barriers to prevention and access to health services. 3,6,7 On the other hand, the community's past low levels of infection necessitate further research to identify possible protective factors. Once these protective factors are identified and better understood, they can be integrated into effective and cu...

show abstract

Section: Sexual Behavior and Hiv/aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowledge and attitudes do not consistently predict behavior. 2,10,[26][27][28][29][30][31] The inconsistent findings have been explained, in part, in terms of a failure to account for context. A person's ability to translate knowledge and norms into healthy behavior may be encouraged or constrained by contextual factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/AIDS Protective Factors among Urban American Indian Youths

Marsiglia¹,

Nieri²,

Stiffman³

2006

hpu

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Instrumental parenting characteristics such as permissiveness and monitoring are also related to teens' sexual experience. Later sexual debut is associated with more parental monitoring, less parental permissiveness, and the presence of household routines and rules (Danziger, 1995;Li et al, 2000;Metzler et al, 1994;Miller et al, 1998Miller et al, , 1999Romer et al, 1994Romer et al, , 1999. Parental monitoring reduces opportunities for early sexual activity by limiting adolescents' exposure to sexual possibility situations (Paikoff, 1995).…”

Section: Parenting Stylesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the Roots of Early Sexual Debut Among Adolescents in Psychiatric Care

Donenberg¹,

Bryant²,

Emerson³

et al. 2003

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To identify the most important social and personal characteristics related to early sexual debut among troubled teenagers. Method:One hundred ninety-eight youths aged 12-19 years were recruited from outpatient mental health clinics and completed self-reports and interviews about their age of sexual debut; family, peer, and partner relationships (e.g., parental hostile control, negative peer influence, need for intimacy); and personal characteristics (e.g., achievement motivation, externalizing problems). Broad-band (externalizing, internalizing) and narrow-band (depression/anxiety, delinquency) psychopathology was assessed with the Youth Self-Report and Child Behavior Checklist.Results: Optimal Data Analysis was used to generate a classification tree model to identify variables associated with whether or not youths initiated oral, vaginal, and/or anal sexual activity before or after age 14. Three social context variables (parental hostile control, negative and positive peer influence) and one personal characteristic (externalizing problems) correctly classified 87.4% of teenagers as initiating sexual activity at ≤14 or >14 years of age. Conclusions:Parental behavior and peer influence were the most important variables associated with the timing of sexual debut. Results support a social-personal framework for understanding sexual risk-taking among adolescents in psychiatric care, and the data offer relatively strong evidence that specific factors could be used to identify troubled teens at risk for early sexual debut. Keywords adolescents; sexual debut; social-personal context; psychiatric careIt has been 20 years since the first case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was diagnosed, and despite efforts to curb the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), rates of infection are rising among adolescents. Young people account for 25% of new sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) reported annually, and the number of HIV-infected youths doubles every 14 months (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 1998[CDC], , 2000a. Sexual activity is the primary mechanism of HIV transmission among teens (DiClemente, 1996;Pequagnat and Szapocznik, 2000), with 57% of males and 49% of females infected through sexual contact, but only 8% of males and 11% of females infected through intravenous drug use (CDC, 2000a). Teenagers are initiating sex at earlier ages (CDC, 2000a) NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript debut is associated with higher HIV exposure because it is linked to more frequent sexual intercourse, more lifetime STDs, less consistent contraceptive use, and more sexual partners (Brooks-Gunn and Paikoff, 1993; CDC, 1992;Durbin et al., 1993;Miller et al., 1999). Some youths are at greater risk than others. Teens in psychiatric care, for example, engage in higher rates of sexual risk-taking than their same-age peers (Brown et al., 1997;Donenberg et al., 2001); they initiate sex at earlier ages and report high rates of sex without a condom, sex w...

show abstract

“…In addition, a number of studies have found that perceptions of peers' sexual attitudes and behaviors predict sexual risk behavior among teenagers. [13][14][15] Teenagers who sext may hold similar beliefs, perceiving their peers, parents, and even the media to approve of sexual activity. Sexting may also relate to difficulties with managing emotions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexting and Sexual Behavior in At-Risk Adolescents

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Sending sexual messages and/or pictures (sexting) has been associated with sexual intercourse among high school-age students. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This study is the first to examine sexting' s prevalence among at-risk middle school students and its associations with a range of sexual behaviors. It also examines differences in sexual risk between sending sexual messages and sexual photos. abstract OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the prevalence of sexting behaviors (sexually explicit messages and/or pictures) among an atrisk sample of early adolescents as well as the associations between sexting behaviors and sexual behaviors, risk-related cognitions, and emotional regulation skills. It also aimed to determine whether differences in risk were associated with text-based versus photo-based sexts.METHODS: Seventh-grade adolescents participating in a sexual risk prevention trial for at-risk early adolescents completed a computerbased survey at baseline regarding sexting behavior (having sent sexually explicit messages and/or pictures), sexual activities, intentions to have sex, perceived approval of sexual activity, and emotional regulation skills. RESULTS:Twenty-two percent of the sample reported having sexted in the past 6 months; sexual messages were endorsed by 17% (n = 71), sexual messages and photos by 5% (n = 21). Pictures were endorsed significantly more often by females (x 2 [2] = 7.33, P = .03) and Latinos (x 2 [2] = 7.27, P = .03). Sexting of any kind was associated with higher rates of engaging in a variety of sexual behaviors, and sending photos was associated with higher rates of sexual activity than sending text messages only. This was true for a range of behaviors from touching genitals over clothes (odds ratio [OR] = 1.98, P = .03) to oral sex (OR = 2.66, P , .01) to vaginal sex (OR = 2.23, P , .01).CONCLUSIONS: Sexting behavior (both photo and text messages) was not uncommon among middle school youth and co-occurred with sexual behavior. These data suggest that phone behaviors, even flirtatious messages, may be an indicator of risk. Clinicians, parents, and health programs should discuss sexting with early adolescents.

show abstract

Social influences on the sexual behavior of youth at risk for HIV exposure.

Cited by 246 publications

References 21 publications

HIV/AIDS Protective Factors among Urban American Indian Youths

HIV/AIDS Protective Factors among Urban American Indian Youths

Tracing the Roots of Early Sexual Debut Among Adolescents in Psychiatric Care

Sexting and Sexual Behavior in At-Risk Adolescents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About