Social isolation alters hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis activity after chronic variable stress in male C57BL/6 mice

Heck, Ashley L; Sheng, Julietta A.; Miller, Alex M.; Stover, Sally A.; Bales, Natalie J.; Tan, Sarah Ming Li; Daniels, Renata M.; Fleury, Theodore K.; Handa, Robert J.

doi:10.1080/10253890.2020.1733962

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…For three reasons, the OXT system should increasingly come into focus of the scientific discussion regarding the causes and consequences of corona-induced impairments of mental health. First, physical distancing and lack of direct social interactions due to social isolation have adverse effects on the activity of the OXT system: social isolation results in lower density of neuronal branching (Neumann and Grinevich, unpublished), and reduced neuropeptide synthesis, and prevents socially stimulated central OXT release [66,191,192]. Second, social support is an important factor for our mental and physical well-being and for the recovery from any disease [193,194], and these effects are at least partly mediated by the OXT system [195][196][197][198] (for review see [39]).…”

Section: The Oxt System In Times Of the Covid-19 Crisismentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain oxytocin: how puzzle stones from animal studies translate into psychiatry

2020

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The neuropeptide oxytocin has attracted great attention of the general public, basic neuroscience researchers, psychologists, and psychiatrists due to its profound pro-social, anxiolytic, and "anti-stress" behavioral and physiological effects, and its potential application for treatment of mental diseases associated with altered socio-emotional competence. During the last decade, substantial progress has been achieved in understanding the complex neurobiology of the oxytocin system, including oxytocinergic pathways, local release patterns, and oxytocin receptor distribution in the brain, as well as intraneuronal oxytocin receptor signaling. However, the picture of oxytocin actions remains far from being complete, and the central question remains: "How does a single neuropeptide exert such pleotropic actions?" Although this phenomenon, typical for many of about 100 identified neuropeptides, may emerge from the anatomical divergence of oxytocin neurons, their multiple central projections, distinct oxytocin-sensitive cell types in different brain regions, and multiple intraneuronal signaling pathways determining the specific cellular response, further basic studies are required. In conjunction, numerous reports on positive effects of intranasal application of oxytocin on human brain networks controlling socio-emotional behavior in health and disease require harmonic tandems of basic researchers and clinicians. During the COVID-19 crisis in 2020, oxytocin research seems central as question of social isolation-induced inactivation of the oxytocin system, and buffering effects of either activation of the endogenous system or intranasal application of synthetic oxytocin need to be thoroughly investigated.

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Section: The Oxt System In Times Of the Covid-19 Crisismentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain oxytocin: how puzzle stones from animal studies translate into psychiatry

2020

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“…This protocol aimed to evaluate the impact of exposure to a CVS protocol on habituation of the cardiovascular response to restraint stress. As previous studies that evaluated the impact of CVS on cardiovascular and neuroendocrine reactivity to restraint performed the chronic stress protocol before the restraint exposure (Flak et al, 2011;Grippo et al, 2002Grippo et al, , 2006Heck et al, 2020), the RRS started 24 h after the last session of the CVS protocol ( Fig. 1).…”

Section: Cardiovascular Recordingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This protocol aimed to evaluate the influence of the social isolation stress on habituation of the cardiovascular response to restraint stress. The influence of social isolation on physiological and behavioral changes evoked by chronic stressors has previously been evaluated by single-housing the animals during the chronic stress protocol (Heck et al, 2020;Westenbroek et al, 2003a,b). Therefore, in the present study, the social isolation was performed concurrently with the daily sessions of restraint ( Fig.…”

Section: Influence Of Social Isolation On Habituation Of the Cardiovamentioning

confidence: 99%

Habituation of the cardiovascular responses to restraint stress is inhibited by exposure to other stressor stimuli and exercise training

Benini

Oliveira

Gomes‐de‐Souza

et al. 2020

Journal of Experimental Biology

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This study evaluated the effect of exposure to either a chronic variable stress (CVS) protocol or social isolation, as well as treadmill exercise training, in the habituation of the cardiovascular response upon repeated exposure to restraint stress in rats. The habituation of the corticosterone response to repeated restraint stress was also evaluated. For this, animals were subjected to either acute or 10 daily sessions of 60 min of restraint stress. CVS and social isolation protocols lasted for 10 consecutive days, whereas treadmill training was performed for 1 h per day, 5 days per week for 8 weeks. We observed that the increase in serum corticosterone was reduced during both the stress and the recovery period of the 10th session of restraint. Habituation of the cardiovascular response was identified in terms of a faster return of heart rate to baseline values during the recovery period of the 10th session of restraint. The increase in blood pressure and the decrease in tail skin temperature were similar at the 1st and 10th session of restraint. Exposure to CVS, social isolation or treadmill exercise training inhibited the habituation of the restraintevoked tachycardia. Additionally, CVS increased the blood pressure response at the 10th session of restraint, whereas social isolation enhanced both the tachycardia during the first session and the drop in skin temperature at the 10th session of restraint. Taken together, these findings provide new evidence that pathologies evoked by stress might be related to impairment in the habituation process to homotypic stressors.

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“…Most of the physiological responses to acute elevations in GCs that occur following stressors, such as enhanced cognition and metabolism and inhibition of immune function must be beneficial, as they permit the “fight or flight” response. By contrast, although some benefits to chronic stress exist, chronic activation of the HPA axis has deleterious effects on immune, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neural functions and may decrease the resilience of neurons and glia to subsequent insults (McEwen, 1998 ; Jauregui-Huerta et al, 2010 ; Heck et al, 2020 ), resulting in increased risk for several diseases (see Figure 1 for summary describing effects of chronic stress on health conditions). Whether these are direct or indirect effects of glucocorticoids remains to be determined.…”

Section: The Physiology Of Stress and Central Regulation Of The Hpa Amentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Development, Programming Actions of Hormones, and Maternal-Fetal Interactions

Sheng

Bales

Myers

et al. 2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is a complex system of neuroendocrine pathways and feedback loops that function to maintain physiological homeostasis. Abnormal development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can further result in long-term alterations in neuropeptide and neurotransmitter synthesis in the central nervous system, as well as glucocorticoid hormone synthesis in the periphery. Together, these changes can potentially lead to a disruption in neuroendocrine, behavioral, autonomic, and metabolic functions in adulthood. In this review, we will discuss the regulation of the HPA axis and its development. We will also examine the maternal-fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and disruption of the normal fetal environment which becomes a major risk factor for many neurodevelopmental pathologies in adulthood, such as major depressive disorder, anxiety, schizophrenia, and others.

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Social isolation alters hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis activity after chronic variable stress in male C57BL/6 mice

Cited by 24 publications

References 36 publications

Brain oxytocin: how puzzle stones from animal studies translate into psychiatry

Brain oxytocin: how puzzle stones from animal studies translate into psychiatry

Habituation of the cardiovascular responses to restraint stress is inhibited by exposure to other stressor stimuli and exercise training

The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Development, Programming Actions of Hormones, and Maternal-Fetal Interactions

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