“…It is important to note that there has been 'collaboration between Facebook discussion groups and offline community groups, such as trade unions and churches in organizing protests and other political activity' (Logan and Suwamaru, 2017, p. 291). Although further research is required on this topic in PNG, examples from the Pacific region of political engagement online include climate change activism (Titifanue et al, 2017), feminist activism (Brimacombe et al, 2018), the Free West Papua campaign (Logan and Suwamaru, 2017, p. 291;Titifanue et al, 2016), and election-related campaigning in Fiji (Tarai, 2019). An increase in the use of social media was also noticed in relation to the 2017 election in PNG, compared to previous elections (Haley and Zubrinich, 2018).…”